THE GRAPE IN KANSAS. 113 



ties and which sorts belong to the defective class ? What is the cause of this 

 condition, and how may its existence in any variety be recognized? To answer 

 these queries and other associated ones, the station in 1892 began a series of ob- 

 servations and experiments and has continued the work each year since that 

 time. 



The method used was simple, but the amount of work required great. Vines 

 of the different varieties in apparently healthy, productive condition were se- 

 lected, and two or more well-formed flower clusters on each vine were enclosed, 

 before the flowers opened, in manila paper bags. [See page 18 of this book. 

 SEC.] When the flowers open, as they do perfectly although bagged, they can re- 

 ceive pollen from no other variety ; that is, they must become self- pollinated, not 

 cross-pollinated. 



If they produce fruit under these conditions the variety is self- fertile; but if, 

 repeatedly, in different years and in different vineyards, the flowers bear nofruita 

 or but a few straggling berries, the variety is self-sterile, or practically so. 



In the tests carried on in four vineyards at Geneva, one at Branchport, and 

 one at Penn Yan, and continued for seven years, 169 cultivated varieties have 

 been under experiment. One- fourth of the varieties have borne perfect, coin- 

 pact clusters in the bags; more than one -third produce clusters not quite perfect 

 but still marketable; about one-sixth of the varieties produce a few fruits, but 

 not enough to make salable bunches ; and nearly one-fourth of all tested produce 

 no fruit whatever when cross-pollination is prevented. The list of varieties thus 

 classified follows. 



Those marked 1 bloom very early ; 2, medium early ; 3, middle of the season ; 

 4, late ; 5, very late. Those marked with a star are described elsewhere in this 

 book. 



CLASS 1. Clusters perfect, or varying from perfect to somewhat loose. 



3 Ambrosia. 5 Hopkins'. *4 Niagara. 



3 Antoinette. *1 Janesville. 4 Opal. 



*2 Berckman's. * 4 Lady Washington. *4 Poughkeepsie. 



3 Bertha. 3 Leaven worth. *3 Pocklington. 



3 Columbia. 2 Lutie. 3 Profitable. 



*3 Cottage. 3 Mabel. *4 Prentiss. 



*3 Croton. Marvin Seedling * 4 Rochester. 



*3 Delaware. White. 3 Rutland. 



*4 Diamond. 1 Mary Favorite. Senasqua. 



*3 Diana. 4 Mathilde. 3 Shelby. 



5 Early Golden. 4 Metternich. * 3 Telegraph. 



2 Etta. 4 Monroe. 3 Winchell. 



3 Herald. *4 Moore's Early. * 3 Worden. 



CLASS 2. Clusters marketable ; moderately compact or loose. 



*3 Agawam. *3 Chandler. 5 Fern Munson. 



3 Alice. 3 Chautauqua. 3 Glenfeld. 



3 Arkansaw. * 1 Clinton. 4 Golden Grain. 

 5 Bailey. *3 Colerain. *3 Hartford. 



5 Big B. Con. *4 Concord. 4 Highland. 



5 Big Extra. 5 Dr. Collier. 4 Hopican. 



*3 Brilliant. *3 Duchess. 3 Illinois City. 



2 Brown. - 3 Early Market. *3 lona. 



4 Burroivs's No. 4%0. *3 Early Ohio. 4 Isabella. 



*4 Carman. *3 Early Victor. 3 Isabella Seedling. 



*4 Catawba. 3 Edmestorfs No. 1. * 4 Jefferson. 



2 Cay wood's No. 50. 5 Elsinburg. * 4 Jessica. 



*4 Centennial. *2 Elvira. *4 Lady. 



*2 Champion (Cort- *3 Empire State. 4 Leader. 



land). 3 Esther. 4 Lindmar. 



-8 



