THE GRAPE IN KANSAS. 1 29 



several years none will be seen ; this makes grape growers become careless, so 

 that sometimes much damage is done before it is discovered. Paris green has 

 proved an effective remedy, but it must be applied several times during the 

 season ; if the beetles can be destroyed before the eggs are laid there will be no 

 further trouble during that season. One-fourth of a pound of Paris green in 

 forty gallons of water is strong enough for the purpose, and should be applied 

 with a sprayer. The buds must be kept well coated with the poison. 



One grower recommends a little thicker mixture, to be applied to the vines 

 with a paint brush, the vines being first tied to the trellis, to make the work 

 easier. The same solution will kill the grubs if they begin to work on the vines. 



SPRAYING GRAPES A GREAT SUCCESS. 



I have the pleasure to state that for the past eight or ten years, we have an- 

 nually sprayed our vineyards some eight acres with the Bordeaux mixture, 

 namely, six pounds bluestone, four or five pounds best fresh lime, to fifty gal- 

 lons water, using a double-action force-pump with two nozzles. We use the Ver- 

 morel and Deming nozzles, somewhat preferring the latter, and make three 

 (usually), sometimes four, applications each season, with result that we made al- 

 most perfect crops each year, whereas, before we began spraying, we lost the 

 greater part of the crop by black rot. 



The best treatment, probably, is to spray before buds push in spring with 

 simple solution of bluestone (sulphate of copper), one pound to thirty gallons of 

 water, being sure to reach every point on the vines, the trellis, and the posts; 

 then with Bordeaux mixture, made as above, just before flowering time. This 

 catches the first crop of rot spores that develop in round brown spots on the 

 leaves; then, again, ^vith Bordeaux mixture, as soon as young grapes are as large 

 as duck shot, which in ordinary seasons will save the crop here. But if the 

 weather is very moist and sultry, spray again in nine days not longer after 

 the third spraying, and the work is done. 



Be careful never to spray a vine when in blossom; it will blast the fruit. By 

 the time the fruit will be ripe the mixture will all be washed off the fruit ; so 

 nothing remains to spoil its appearance in market. Care should be exer- 

 cised to see that the spray is fine (fog- like), not in drops, secured by having pump 

 in perfect order, and pumped hard, and that all surfaces of leaves and fruit be 

 reached by the spray, and that the mixture be fresh. 



This treatment vanishes mildew, anthracnose, black rot, and about all insects 

 from the vineyard that prey upon the foliage and fruit, and causes the vines to 

 grow and mature wood for next season far better than when not sprayed. 



It is patent to every one that a vineyard of equally good varieties which pro- 

 duces perfect crops without spraying is far more satisfactory and profitable than 

 one which must be sprayed three times annually all its life. Many of the best 

 French vineyards, in the regions of France where the black rot and mildew have 

 obtained a foothold, are diligently experimenting in hybridizing resistent, rot- and 

 mildew-proof American varieties with the best and healthiest vinifera varieties, 

 and are making very encouraging headway, as is reported in the leading viticul- 

 tural journals of that country, such as Revue de Viticulture, published in Paris. 

 T. V. Munson. 

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