62 STABLE BUILDING AND STABLE FITTING. 



Requirements 

 of various 

 horses. 



Admission o\ 

 air. 



and, living upon animal food, gives off more noxious gases ; he 

 requires therefore a larger cubical space, but cannot endure so 

 low a temperature. General Fitzwygram considers, from his 

 " experience gained in barrack stables and elsewhere, that with 

 the concomitants of good ventilation, good drainage and paving, 

 hght, and cleanliness, i2co cubic feet, with a ground area of 

 87 feet super per horse are sufficient, though probably the 

 minimum required for maintenance of health." 



For omnibus and tramway horses, and those employed by 

 carriers, tradesmen, &c., about 1000 cubic feet may be con- 

 sidered a sufficient allowance of air, but the larger description 

 of horses belonging to contractors and brewers have a propor- 

 tionate increase, owing to the larger size of the stalls they 

 occupy, which should not be less than 7 feet wide. Hunters 

 and racers obtain the greatest amount, also due to the very 

 large surface area it has been, perhaps falsely, considered they 

 require for rest, which in some cases amounts to over 280 feet 

 super (exclusive of passages), and gives a cubic contents of 

 from 3000 to 3400 feet. For a great part of the year a stall 

 of this description would require to be warmed. Carriage 

 horses, again, which are generally more closely confined than 

 the ordinary working horse, should not have less than iioo 

 to T200 cubic feet. 



The steady supply of a sufficient quantity of fresh air to 

 replace the impure, without that spasmodic action in the form 

 of draughts which is the result of bad ventilation, is accom- 

 plished in stables in many ways. A recuperative process is 

 always going on by the natural pressure of the atmosphere 

 under doors, and through the smallest crevices ; but this is not 

 sufficient, and in lofty stables especially (stables should not 

 have a greater height than 12 or 13 feet without an outlet in 

 the roof) the air rapidly stagnates. The admission of this 

 additional amount of fresh air, to take the place of that which 

 is encouraged to escape from the roof, should be based upon 

 the simple expedient of exhaust and supply, but automatic 

 arrangements for this purpose are not to be entirely depended 



