FITTINGS AND DETAILS. 8l 



numerous descriptions of mangers to be obtained from the 

 several manufacturers, but upon Plates 22 and 23 those in 

 most general use will be found. 



An ordinary manger of simple construction is illustrated on Water fittings 

 Plate 24, Fig. 11, with waterpot, manger for chopped food or 

 corn, and shallow under-head hayrack of wrought iron. The 

 water can be turned on and drained away through one orifice, 

 and carried off by a waste pipe into the drain or into a central 

 open gutter in the stall. It is admitted into and withdrawn 

 from the trough by a double-action cock, through a rose or by 

 a flush inlet in the side, and a similar outlet at the bottom of 

 the trough, as shown on Plate 24. The front of this manger 

 has a large roll to prevent the mouth of the horse being cauglit, 

 as it may be in some mangers, and the edges are overhung on 

 the inner side to avoid any waste of the food. Portable 

 enamelled water-pots are the best for racers and hunters, as 

 they can be removed when it is considered that the horses have 

 had sufficient ; or if fixed, they can be fitted with drop covers. 

 The infirmary loose boxes, Z, on Plate i, have provision for 

 portable quadrant mangers, and they are easily washed and 

 replaced or removed altogether for a time, if desirable. 



The vice of crib-biting, if vice it can be always called, since it Crib-biting, 

 often originates in pain, has been provided against by many in- 

 genious inventions. That of Professor Varnel's is one of the most 

 practical, as it leaves the horse without anything to bite. In 

 this arrangement, when the manger is not pulled out for use, 

 which is done by a strap as shown in Fig. 48, it fits into a 

 recess, leaving a perfectly smooth surfaceas in Fig. 49. Water- 

 troughs and hayracks are made upon the same principle. The 

 dotted lines in the side view, Fig. 50, illustrate the position of 

 the latter when not in use. The space required at the back 

 for the action of the manger may be increased in width to form 

 a passage, as shown at the back of the boxes M, on Plate i , 

 the mangers being replenished from behind without disturbing 

 the horse by entering the stable. 



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