253 STABLE ECONOMY. 



together and given warm. The fodder consists entirely of 

 hay, except for a short time in summer, when cut grass is 

 given. The fodder is not limited ; each horse is permitted to 

 consume as much as he pleases. Few in the twenty-four 

 hours use more than sixteen pounds. In winter, a few Swe- 

 dish turnips are added to the other boiled articles. 



These horses are in excellent condition all the year. They 

 work from ten to twelve hours per day. I have known them 

 out occasionally for fourteen. They are employed in carting 

 goods to short distances. The draught is seldom more than 

 25 cwt. They receive neither fodder nor grain while in the 

 yoke. Each driver has the stable management of his own 

 horse. The whole are superintended by a foreman, who 

 measures out the grain. The horses' legs and feet are washed 

 and dried every night after work. The stables are visited 

 every morning by a veterinary surgeon. 



Messrs. J. <Sf W. Harvey, Distillers, near Glasgoiv. — The 

 cart-horses are fed on oats, beans, barley, hay-seed, hay, and 

 cut grass. The grain is not bruised, and the fodder is not 

 cut. In winter the last feed is boiled, and in summer grass 

 renders boiling unnecessary. 



The allowance per week to each horse is three bushels of 

 oats and half a bushel of beans, besides the boiled food, 

 which consists of barley, beans, and hay-seed. One bushel 

 of each feeds ten horses. Few consume more than half a 

 stone (7 lbs.) of hay per day, but the quantity of grain is un- 

 commonly large. They are fed four times. They are em- 

 ployed chiefly on the road, travelling from 8 to 10 or 11 hours 

 per day, at from 3^ to 4 miles an hour, with a draught of 30 

 to 35 cwt,, cart included. 



Carriage, Gig, Post, Noddy, Cah, Onniibus, and Street' 

 Coach Horses. — All these, with few exceptions, have for many 

 years been fed in the same way, and upon the same articles 

 as at present. In general they receive three or four feeds per 

 day, consisting of oats and beans, unbroken and uncooked. 

 The quantity varies from 12 to 16 pounds ; and the fodder, 

 of which hay is the only kind, is rarely limited. It is not cut. 

 During the summer some grass is given, and in winter it is 

 customary to give a large bran-mash instead of grain, once 

 a-week, generally on Saturday night if the horse be idle on 

 Sunday. The horses that stand in the streets are fed three 

 times in the stable, and get some grain and hay in the yoke. 



In large posting and omnibus studs some alteration has ta- 

 ke i\ place. The horses are fed according to that system 



