ia:.K KLK. 319 



support the leapiiig-bar when wanted ; being fastened 

 to them by two side reins to his bit, a person stands 

 behind him mth a long driving whip : with this he 

 is gently touched, the person using that abnost un- 

 spellable but well-known Klk Klk as in driving. The 

 horse, finding that he can neither advance, retreat, 

 nor go sideways, and not being permitted to stand 

 still, naturally moves or lifts his legs in succession ; 

 and this he does either faster or more slowly as the 

 Klk Klk is so used, the whip touching him also oftener 

 or less often in accordance with the altered sound : 

 in fact, he does just what the soldier does in marking 

 time. A man, with the delicate and scientific hands 

 (if I may use such an expression) of a manege rider, 

 then mounts him, and, in accordance with the desired 

 time, just at the moment when each leg is to be raised 

 he delicately gives him a lift with the bridle on the 

 same side. The rider now (instead of the person 

 behind the horse) makes the Klk Klk, and presses the 

 horse with the calves of his legs ; touches him with 

 the spur, or even slightly uses it, as the mettle or 

 want of it in the horse may make such actions 

 necessary : he is also provided with a kind of jockey 

 whip, long enough to enable him, when holding it 

 backwards, to reach the animal's hind-quarters and 

 leo's. Touchino; on these induces him to brino- them 

 well under him, on which the gracefulness of his 

 motions so much depends. When the horse is so 

 perfect in this that he will mark time thus truly, and 

 without hurry or confusion, quick or slow as may be 

 desired, the pillar or side reins are taken off; the 

 rider then trusts solely to his hands : to these the 

 horse has now become so accustomed that he will no 



