346 MEDICAL BACTERIOLOGY 



6. Dehydrate in alcohol (95%), 



7. Clear in oil of bergamot. 



8. Wash with xylene and mount in balsam. 

 Nuclei of Amebae brownish red, other nuclei blue. 

 REFERENCES, v. J. 199 ; Si. 206. See also texts under various 



organisms. 



EXERCISE 104. EXAMINATION OF URINE. 



For bacterial examination urine should be drawn with a sterile 

 catheter into a sterile bottle. 



Bacterium tuberculosis. 



For method of staining see under Sputum, 101. 



It is best to centrifuge the product and care must be taken to 

 differentiate from the smegma bacterium. For this pur- 

 pose stain cover-glass smears as follows (Bunge & Fran- 

 teroth) : 



a. Absolute alcohol, 3 hours. 



b. Chromic acid, 15 minutes. 



c. Stain in hot carbol-fuchsin. 



d. Decolorize in sulphuric acid (25%) 2-3 minutes. 



e. Counter-stain with a saturated alcoholic solution of methylen 



blue. 



The smegma bacillus is decolorized by this method. 



The tubercle bacterium in urine is frequently present in clusters 

 while the smegma bacterium occurs singly. Injection of guinea 

 pigs, smegma bacillus is non-pathogenic. 



The following organisms have also been found in the urine. For 

 methods of isolation see references. 



Pus Micrococci. 105. 



Micrococcus gonorrhoeae. 105. 



Bacillus typhosus. 103. 



Spirochaeta Obermeieri (relapsing fever). 102. 



REFERENCES, v. J. 273; Si. 500, and texts under the various 

 organisms. 



EXERCISE 105. EXAMINATION OF TRANSUDATES AND EXUDATES. 



The material should be collected in sterile vessels under aseptic 

 precautions. Make several cover-glass preparations and stain one 

 with Loeffler's methylen blue and the others with gentian violet or 

 carbol-fuchsin. Mount and examine. 



