EXERCISE XX 



A STUDY OF BUDS-POMACEOUS FRUITS 



Material. Branches of several varieties each, of the apple, 

 pear, and quince, bearing both leaf and fruit spurs. 



. , Apparatus. Razor and lens. 



Apples and pears are classed with 

 a natural group of plants in which 

 the fruit is more or less fleshy and 

 contains seed cells inclosed in parch- 

 mentlike carpels. The apple, pear, 

 and quince, so similar in many re- 

 spects, belong to this class. This 

 genus is called Malus, and includes 

 many species of apples and crab 

 apples. Malus sylvestris, the apple, 

 includes many varieties. Pyrus com- 

 munis and Pyrus sinensis, the pear, 

 also include many varieties. Cydonia 

 vulgaris, the quince, is not so im- 

 portant, but for convenience it is 

 placed with the apple and the pear. 

 The varieties of all three of these 

 fruits are numerous, and the differ- 

 ence in relationship is very slight. 



1 



I 



* 



FIG. 14. Fruit buds and branch 

 buds of the apple 



Note the fruit spurs and branch 



spurs and compare them with those 



of the pear (Fig. 15) 



THE APPLE (Malus sylvestris) 



Branches of the following varie- 

 ties are suggested: Northern Spy, 

 Ben Davis, Wolf River, Early 

 Harvest, Fameuse, Jonathan, Lady, 

 Spitzenburg, Duchess of Oldenburg, Pippin, Greening, Russet, 

 Bellflower. 



1. Make a drawing, natural size, and four inches in length, 

 of a twig, including the branch buds and leaf spurs, of at 



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