EXERCISE XXI 



A STUDY OF BUDS - VINE FRUITS 



Material and apparatus. Canes of the grape, showing well- 

 developed buds; razor, lens. 



THE GRAPE ( Vitis sp.) 



The grape is one of our oldest fruits. The history of the Old 

 World grape goes back to prehistoric times. Grape seeds have 

 been found in the remains of the Swiss lake 

 dwellings of the bronze age, and the original 

 habitat of the grape is supposed to have been 

 about the Caspian Sea. Several species of 

 grapes are recognized, but the two of greatest 

 commercial importance are the Vitis vinifera, 

 or the Old World grape, and the Vitis labrusca, 

 or the New World grape. There are many 

 hybrids between these two. 



Vitis labrusca. Varieties suggested for 

 study : Black Hawk, Champion, Chautauqua, 

 Colerain, Concord, Cottage, Eaton, Glenfeld, 

 Hosford, Moore Early, Lutie, Lucile, Wyo- 

 ming, Worden, Vergennes. 



1. Secure canes of one or more of the above 

 varieties, and study carefully. Make a draw- 

 ing of a cane, natural size, including at least 

 two buds. Describe the position and the ar- 

 rangement of the buds. What is the color of 

 the bark? Describe. Make a drawing, at 

 least one inch in length, of a bud. How does 



FIG. 17. Grape canes, 

 showing the buds 



this bud differ from the bud of the cherry 

 and of the "apple? Describe the bud scales. 

 2. Make a longitudinal and a cross section of a bud. Describe 

 the internal structure. Is this a fruit bud or a leaf bud ? Where 

 is the fruit borne on the grape ? Describe fully. 



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