CHAP. I SEEDS 5 



6. The slight projection at the end of the rhaphe opposite to 



the caruncle (the chalaza). 



7. The hilum is at the side of the caruncle toward the 



rhaphe, but is usually little prominent and hard to 

 find. 



8. Make a sketch showing these points. 



VIII. Remove the dark-colored " shell," the testa or outer 

 seed-coat, and notice : 0,- 



1. That the kernel is found to be enclosed in a thin, white, 



closely fitting inner seed-coat, the tegmen, which can 

 be peeled off. fa fa) U f L^-U^L^t^. 



2. After removing the tegmen, carefully split the kernel paral- 



lel to the broader surfaces. (This should be done 

 very carefully so as not to injure the delicate parts 

 within.) Notice the embryo adhering to one of the 

 inner faces. By gently inserting the scalpel or pen- 

 knife blade under the caulicle and loosening the 

 cotyledons, the embryo may often be removed un- 

 injured. Study and sketch : 



1. The two thick pieces of oily endosperm, and the embryo 



consisting of ^^ , , 



2. A short thick caulicle and 



3. Two thin, flat cotyledons, reticulated with prominent 



" veins " and clo'sely applied to one another. Sepa- 

 rate them after sketching and demonstrate that there 

 are really two of them. 



4. Is there any plumule present? 



IX. Examine a seed of the Morning Glory which has 

 been soaked a few hours in water. Answer the following 

 questions : 



