2H TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



knife, will commence the formation of roots in the spring long 

 before the leaves are produced. Yet most persons will succeed 

 better with spring planting than with fall planting, because trees 

 require much care to keep them in a proper position through the 

 winter, when they have lost a portion of their roots. 



In transplanting trees, either in the fall or spring, they should 

 always have a portion of their branches cut awa}' ; no matter 

 how careful the operation may be performed, the roots will surely 

 receive a check, and some of them may be lost ; therefore, to 

 establish an equilibrium between root and top, a portion of the 

 latter should be cut away. We always shorten the branches at 

 least one-third when we transplant any deciduous tree. 



If we receive trees that have become dry and shriveled by long 

 exposure, we bury them, root and branch, in the ground, and let 

 them remain there until they have swelled out to their original 

 condition; then lift the top branches first; tlien, in a few days, 

 lift a portion more, and so on until the whole stem is exposed. 

 Then take it out and prune it severely and plant it. A tree that 

 has become so dry that it would never show a sign of life if 

 planted immediately, will often make a vigorous growth the first 

 season, if treated as we have described. 



One fatal error into which many fall is in burying large old 

 trees instead of small, young and thrifty ones. The old adage, 

 "Haste is not always speed," is wonderfully true in this case. 



Peach trees of one year old are the only ones that should be 

 planted, shorten their side branches to two or three buds and the 

 main stem one-third, wash the roots clean and examine them 

 carefully ; see that you do not plant a peach worm with the tree. 

 Trim the roots and then dust them over with ashes. After the 

 tree is planted put a handful of ashes or lime around the stem on 

 the surface of the soil, this will almost invariably prevent the 

 peach worm attacking the tree the first year ; next year put a 

 little more lime or ashes around them, keeping the ground clear 

 of weeds during the entire season with the hoe or cultivator is 

 indispensable, and must not be forgotten. Nectarines and apri- 

 cots should be treated in the same way. 



Cherries and plums may be safely transplanted, when they 

 are two or three years old, but we prefer two year old trees to 

 any others. 



All of our stone fruits are liable to produce gum from their 

 wounds, and this often prevents them from healing over, and the 



