PROCEEDINGS OF THE FARMERS' CLUB. 2T5 



older the tree the more liable it is to become diseased from its 

 wounds. 



This can be seen b}' examining an old cherry tree which has 

 had a branch broken off; it takes a long time to heal over, if ever ; 

 while on a young tree it heals over quickly, scarcely leaving a 

 sign of the accident. 



Pear trees may be transplanted at almost any age or size, but 

 as a general thing two or three years trees are the most conve- 

 nient size to plant. In planting dwarf pears, we want all the 

 quince stock to be covered ; the junction to be one or two inches 

 beloAV the surface. If the root is too long, and there is danger 

 of the lower roots becoming injured by being buried too deeply, 

 cut off a portion of the lower end. If your soil is as deep as it 

 should be, and well drained, then the quince root will remain 

 perfectly healthy one foot below the surface ; if it is not, then 

 you had better defer planting d^varf pears until you can properly 

 prepare the ground for their reception. 



Wm. S. Carpenter. — I never would buy a tree grafted on a 

 quince stock over three inches long. 



Mr. Fuller then illustrated the manner of cutting and prepar- 

 ing trees for planting. He said : There is no danger of planting 

 dwarf trees upon land that is dug two feet deep. The quince 

 stock should always be buried so as to throw out roots, but if the 

 root is too long, be sure to cut it off. Trees should never be 

 grown in the nursery with deep roots. Care should be had in 

 cutting back the first year's growth of a tree, to cut it at a bud 

 opposite to the side budded, so that tlie main limb will balance 

 the tree. 



He also trims the roots very carefully, cutting off all the ends 

 of long roots and most of the fibrous roots, and all that are broken 

 or bruised. He recommends deep planting upon dry soil, and 

 thinks it not worth the cost to plant trees on wet soil. He also 

 illustrated how to trim the top of a dwarf tree so as to make a 

 good tree of handsome shape. The great feature of this was 

 cutting back very short the first year's growth. Never plant a 

 tree with a full top. Pruning in the fall makes the strongest 

 trees or vines. Spring pruning produces the most fruit. A Aveak- 

 growing tree should always be trimmed in the fall. 



Quince stalks are grown from cuttings; and I prefer them not 

 over six or eight inches long. These are heeled in with ends 

 barely out of the ground in the fall. The Angier quince makes 



