276 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



the best stalks for grafting upon. It grows rapidly, and produces 

 strong, hard wood. All cuttings of quince, or currants, etc., 

 should be frozen, and put in the cellar, or buried away from the 

 frost. 



The question of fruit trees and fall flowers will be continued 

 and discussed at the next meeting. 



Adjourned. 



HENRY MEIGS, Secretary. 



December 3, 1860. 



Present, 40 members. Mr. Doughty, of New Jersey, in the 

 the chair. 



Mr. W. S. Carpenter presented some fine specimens of apples, 

 viz : Rhode Island Greenings, Ottley Pippin and Newtown Pip- 

 pin. After describing the qualities of each kind, he exhibited 

 some specimens of large potatoes. The Prince Albert, with him, 

 excelled all others in their qualities, and produces two hundred 

 bushels per acre. 



Mr. John G. Bergen. — I prefer the Rhode Island Greening — 

 with us it is a superior apple. 



Mr. Lawton. — I have some very old trees which, by the system 

 adopted, bear abundantly every other year. We deem them one 

 of the best apples grown. 



Mr. Nash. — I set out an orchard in Amherst, Mass., that con- 

 tained 400 trees, now reduced to 300. They are growing finely. 

 I attribute the success of cultivation to lime in the form of wood 

 ashes. I also use bone phosphate. 



Mr. Carpenter. — The best way to force a tree to grow is ashes, 

 but as that cannot be had conveniently in sufficient quantities, 

 lime of the ordinary kind would answer when properly applied, 

 and continued so as not to exhaust the soil. 



Dr. Crowell, of New Jersey. — With us, the Rhode Island Green- 

 ing bears every year. The trees he experimented with, he trench- 

 ed around them ; if a portion of the fruit is pulled off before 

 iliaturing, the remainder will be superior. 



Dr. Trimble. — The borer is very destructive to the apple tree, 

 burying themselves deep in the wood, and can only be eradicated 

 by the Ichneumon, which has lately sprung into existence, and 

 has in a great measure destroyed the borer and saved the trees. 



Mr. Carpenter. — The borer attacks my young trees, the old 

 ones take care of themselves. 



