PROCEEDINGS OF THE POLYTECHNIC ASSOCIATION. 65T 



The President (Prof. Mason) inquired whether percussion shell 

 had been used in the navy before Gen. James' invention. 



Capt. Bartlett. — I think not. 



Mr. Stetson believed there was a better projectile than this of 

 Gen. James', to which too great prominence had been given by 

 the United States Government. The explosion of the shell in 

 striking iron-cased vessels would diminish the effect. The shot 

 should be kept solid. 



Mr. Babcock said there was no doubt of the originality of this 

 style of projectile of Gen. James', but he was not the first to make 

 explosive shot. That was done 20 years ago by Norton. 



Capt. Bartlett mentioned some experiments in that direction, 

 on a small scale, 21 years ago, in which he was concerned. In 

 his judgment there was most unquestioned novelty in Gen. James' 

 invention; the windage was never got rid of before. 



Mr. Babcock claimed that the Hotchkiss shot possessed all the 

 advantages of Gen. James'. He stated that he saw, and meas- 

 ured the target through which this 81-pound shot had penetrated ; 

 it was three thicknesses of timber of one foot each, making 36 

 instead of 52 inches. The shot might have struck the braces be- 

 hind, which would make up the additional thickness. With the 

 exception of this one shot-hole, none of the shot penetrated more 

 than 18 inches. 



On motion, the meeting adjourned till Thursday evening, ApriJ 

 11, at 7^ o'clock. 



American Institute, Polytechnic Association, ? 

 April 11, 1861. ] 



Mr. Jireh Bull in the chair. 



Mr. G. B. Turrell exhibited a model of Bandelet's beer cooler. 

 The wort is caused to descend from one to another of a series of 

 horizontal water pipes connected at the ends, through which a 

 supply of cold water continually ascends, being gradually heated 

 as it rises, so that the boiling wort first encounters a water pipe 

 nearly of its own temperature, and, as it is cooled and descends, 

 passes over cooler pipes. The beer is thus cooled gradually, 

 both by contact and evaporation. 



The following advantages are claimed for it : 



1. It occupies very little room in a brewery, and may be used 

 either in connection with the common vat cooler ; or entirely 



[Am. Inst.] PP 



