658 TRANSACTIOKS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



dispensing with that, the wort may be taken directly from the 

 boiler, run over the cooler, and pass immediately to the " gyle 

 tun." 



2. It enables brewers to manufacture lager beer and ale in hot 

 as well as in cold weather, and always reduces the wort to any 

 desired temperature, say within from 4 to 6 degrees of the tem- 

 perature of the cold water employed. 



3. It saves a large quantity of beer, for instead of a seventh 

 part, scarcely one-hundreth part is lost by evaporation of the 

 wort. It also improves the flavor and quality be the preserva- 

 tion of the lupuline of the hop and the retention of the albumi- 

 nous clarifying properties. 



4. It economizes fuel, as the water used for cooling the beer 

 escapes from the cooler at nearly as high a temperature as the 

 beer is when it is let upon it. This water can be used for the 

 next brewing, or for cleaning casks, &c., about the brewery. It 

 also economizes water, as 100 bbls. of cold water will cool about 

 the same quantity of beer. 



5. It can easily be kept clean, as every part of it that comes 

 in contact with the beer, can be reached with a brush or broom, 

 and by running water over the cooler immediately after having 

 used it, very little labor is required to keep it perfectly clean. 



INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS. 



Mr. H. N. Winans exhibited specimens of boiler scale, and 

 stated that he had invented a remedy therefor — a powder to be 

 put into the water used. It is a secret preparation, acting first 

 upon the oxyd of iron so as to remove the scale, and afterwards 

 upon the matters held in solution by the water. Whether it 

 would answer for marine boilers he was unprepared to say. 



Professor Seely, after asking questions with regard to the pro- 

 perties of this powder, said that he was not acquainted with any 

 chemical substance possessing the properties claimed for this. 



Mr. Stetson remarked that, in consequence of the necessity of 

 frequent blowing-off at sea to get rid of the salt, such a powder 

 could not well be used for marine boilers, the quantity required 

 would be so great. 



HYDRAULIC PNEUMATIC INKSTAND. 



Mr. Ro well exhibited this inkstand, there being a reservoir for 

 the ink communicating by two passages with the bowl where the 

 ink is to be used. Whenever the ink, by use or evaporation, 



