72 



THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW. 



as she arrives. If the original queen 

 should live five years and should 

 then be superseded, after having raised 

 at least forty generations of workers, I 

 would expect that the queen then reared 

 would show a "marked" difference in 

 comparison with the one that was reared 

 on arrival. But I would not expect a 

 difference so extremely "marked" that 

 one-fortieth of it could be discovered be- 

 tween two consecutive generations of 

 workers. My position is that the influence 



some other reason. I, too, have noticed 

 a perceptible effect produced upon w-ork- 

 ers almost immediately upon the intro- 

 duction of a queen, and I believe it is due 

 to the fact that the bees recognize the 

 importance of a queen, and that they 

 have standards of their own by which 

 they determine their confidence or lack 

 of confidence. Regardless of man's 

 feelings, if one queen inspires more con- 

 fidence than another, it may be shown in 

 the temper of the bees. In this connec- 



House-Apiarv of F. B. Simpson, Cuh.\, X. V. 



of environment cannot greatly affect the 

 queen directly, but it must come through 

 the workers' influence upon the larvae as 

 well as upon the unlaid and forming ova. 

 To suppose that this influence can com- 

 pare with the hereditary influences is cer- 

 tainly a grave en or. 



Whenever you find nurse-influence ap- 

 parently making a marked effect in one 

 gc cation, you can confidently look for 



tion. Mr. Victor has written me that he 

 had a queen superseded for apparently no 

 other cause than that a wing was defec- 

 tive; although she was apparently in per- 

 fect condition and was doing a consider- 

 able amount of laying. 



I think Mr. Olmstead wrote hastily on 

 page 47 when he distinguishes "color 

 and general characterists" from "lon- 

 gevity and usefulness." It would seem 



