80 



CA NA DIA N IIORTIC UL TURIHT. 



seeds may be in tine soil. For large 

 seeds, the same care is not required as 

 for fine ones. It is almost needless to 

 say that larger seeds lequire your drills 

 to be deeper, by pressing heavier on 

 your wood : the piece for this purpose 

 should be the length of the frame. 

 Then sow your seed, and again .sift tine 

 soil evenly over the top, and run a 

 trowel across it to smooth it up. This 

 done, put on your sashes, and cover 

 them up from the sun, and leave them 

 so until you see them peeping through. 

 Don't water, unless the soil is very dry. 

 It hardens the surface : the steam of 

 your bed will generally keep it moist 

 enough for this purpose. Some care 

 should be taken in sowing to put to- 

 gether those that will germinate in 

 about the same length of time ; for it 

 is at the uncovering where most of the 

 bad seeds come in, because if they once 

 germinate, and dry up, the seed is done 

 forever, and it is almost impossible to 

 keep them moist if you expose them to 

 the sun when up, before they gather a 

 few days' strength. Great care must 

 be taken not to" allow the sun to pour 

 directly upon them : light they must 

 get ; but then you can shade them. Air 

 must be attended to, or you will soon 

 have a damp-off. Air must be admitted 

 from the time your soil is placed in the 

 bed. If you don't allow the steam to 

 escape at this stage, your soil may be- 



come too damp to sow, and after the 

 seeds are sown, if there is too much 

 steam, let it e.scap>3 for a time every 

 day. If you follow these directions, no 

 fear of bad seed, if you get them from 

 a reliaV)le seedsman. There is still an- 

 other thing to be observed ; keep close 

 to the glass, not more than three inches 

 from it, when you sow ; they will sink 

 more or less according to the nature of 

 the manure. If not, it is an easy mat- 

 ter to raise your frames, but it is not 

 likely to be necessary, as sowing so late 

 enables you to expose entirely in a short- 

 er space of time than early sowing does. 

 Outside sowing is just as precarious 

 as the other to meet with success. You 

 sow dry, and that is all ri^ht, until the 

 soil once becomes wet : then it must be 

 kept wet until the plants are through 

 the ground, that is, when tine seeds are 

 used. Large ones do not require the 

 same attention, as they being deeper 

 in the soil, will remain in moisture a 

 longer time. Parties will be seen, where 

 fine seeds are sown, watering with the 

 can and so washing them out, and if 

 the sun is strong an hour after they 

 are dried up. For tine seeds, the better 

 and easier plan is to shade until you 

 see them up. This is where the great 

 failure in most seeds occurs, viz. — al- 

 lowed to germinate, and then to dry 

 up. Prevent this, and all will come 

 out right. 



ROSE NOTES. 



BY THE HON. MRS. LA.MBART, NEW EDINBLROII. 



(A Payer read before the Ottawa Meeting of the F.G.A.) 



that rose growers in Ottawa have to 

 contend. 



None of the hardier teas — none of 

 the hybrid teas — none of the hybrid 

 perpetual.' 



PERHAPS a few remarks— the re- 

 sult of seven years' experience in 

 rose growing, on a somewhat extended 

 scale— may be of interest as supplemen- 

 ting the regular paper on the subject. 



In the tirst place let us realize that 

 it is not against severity of climate, 

 but against'the length of time during 

 which the roses must remain covered. 



-none of the mosses — need 

 ever lose one inch of wood from cold 

 if properly covered, but the greatest 

 care and precaution have, in my case, 

 utterly failed to prevent the loss of a 



