CA NA DIA N II OR TICUL TUIilS T. 



2(M 



The avera<^e natural fruit will make \ 

 lbs. per bu. ; Baldwins aiid Greenings, G 

 to 7 ; Kussets, 8. 



My average expense for evaporating 

 and boxing lias been 3ic. per lb., or at 

 the rate of 20e. per bu. About 10c. is 

 the aveiage price at wholesale for 

 evaporated apples. I use an Ameri- 

 can evaporator that is intended foi- 

 l)leaching apples, but it is not desiral)le. 

 The dry fruit should bo bleached from 

 five to eight minutes in a separate place, 

 and as soon as it is cut and spread on 

 the trays it should go thence directly 

 to the evaporator. There will thus be 

 no complaint of smell or taste of sulphur 

 in the apple. Another fault 1 found 

 with my evaporator wa.^ that it was 

 built to take the apples into the top 

 and deliver them next the furnace. In 

 this way it is impossible to keep the 

 desired amount of heat without scorch- 

 ing the apples. I improved this by 

 entering the apples over the furnace 

 and by taking them out dry at the 

 upper end. Steam heat in pipes would 

 be much more economical than furnace 

 lieat. 



" Expenses for making, this crop sale- 

 able doubtless vary in different locali- 

 ties. My apples are cut and placed 

 on trays by women at 60c. per day. A 

 man is employed to attend the evapor- 

 ator and he is paid .^1. Six hands 

 dry, on tlie average, 150 lbs. per day. 

 One must not expect to get rich drying 

 apples. The fuel costs me $3 per cord. 

 When one has a (juantity of apples 

 hardly Ht for market, he can get a fair 

 profit by drying them. I consider it 

 safe to dry all that are not worth .i^l 

 per bbl. at the door without the barrels. 

 The fruit is sometimes quite scabby, 

 and when it is so afflicted it seldom 

 pays to pack it for market. I put such 

 fruit through my evaporator and think 

 it pays." 



The same ditliculty in getting the 

 apple crop properly harvested and 

 packed in time for shipment is evident- 

 ly experienced by our neighbors in 

 New York State, as will be seen from 



the following extract from the Count nj 

 (jHntleman of Nov. 1, written by a 

 resident of Wayne county : 



"All through this .section from (As 

 wego to Itochester, a distance of seven 

 ty-tive miles along the lake, tlie apple 

 crop is very large and of fine quality, 

 and not more than one-half gathered. 

 A great many have sold iheir orchards 

 in a lump to the evaporators. Others 

 shake and sell to the evaporators by 

 the one hundred pounds, they paying 

 from 30c. to 32c. i)er hundred delivered. 

 This makes a rapid way to handle them, 

 as a large crop can be gathered in one- 

 quarter the time it would take to pick 

 them, and with labor high and scarce as 

 it is this fall, 1 think it pays as well as to 

 pick and barrel them at present prices. 

 Kings brought 81.7") to §2. Dealers 

 are now paying .$1.25 per barrel for 

 winter fruit, but as most large orchards 

 are not yet gathered there is very little 

 shipping being done." 



"Why don't you ship to a British 

 market ?" we asked a neighboring 

 orchardist. "Ah!" said he, "I have 

 tried that once too often already." The 

 trouble is very few people will take 

 the trouble to grade apples as thev 

 should be when they must have so 

 much expense put on them as exporta- 

 tion involves. How many separate their 

 first-class apples into large and small 

 sizes ; or pack the large high colored 

 ones separately as extras ? Are these 

 not more often used to face up the infer- 

 ior grades ? And as a result the whole 

 lot sells, not for superior fruit, but for 

 the price of the inferior quality, of 

 which the bulk of the barrel is found 

 to consist. 



Unless one is prepared to undertake 

 all this trouble, it is no doubt better to 

 sell at home for any certain price, 

 rather than risk a dead loss by shipping 

 to a very distant market. 



