118 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



worm, and of lighter colour ; white helle- 

 bore does not affect them. Can you 

 give us a remedy '] 



[C. Curtis, Leamington, Ont.] 



The worm is probably the Currant 

 Span Worm, known to entomologists 

 as Eiifitchia ribearia. It is of a lighter 

 colour than the common currant worm 

 or Sawfly, being Avhitish, with wide 

 yellow stripes ; and it is about an inch 

 or more in length. But it is chiefly dis- 

 tinguishable by its mode of travelling, 

 from which it is called a Geometer, or 

 Span WoiTii ; for at every step it gathers 

 its body into a loop, as if measuring. 

 When disturbed it hangs down by a 

 silken thread, which affords one means 

 of destroying it; for by means of a 

 stick the threads with the suspended 

 caterpillars may be gathered to one 

 place and stamped upon. 



As our correspondent says, it is not 

 easy to destroy them with hellebore ; 

 but if he would try a stronger solution, 

 say three ounces of hellebore to ten 

 quarts of water, he would no doubt 

 succeed. 



Another effective mode of application 

 is to dust the bushes freely with helle- 

 bore, when they are wet with dew. 

 As hellebore is volatile it must be kept 

 carefully from exposure to the air until 

 used, or it will lose its strength. 



Paris green would be a more certain 

 remedy, but would need to be used 

 some weeks before the fruit is ripe, so 

 as to be completely washed off by 

 successive rains. 



35. Trees in Rocky Soil. — I have apiece 

 oj ground about two acres, too stony 

 to break and clean up. Would an apple 

 orchard do well on it by keeping the 

 ground well dug and free from weeds 

 for two or three feet around the trees 

 for a few years ? Soil, loam of average 

 quality ; situation, high and dry. 



[R., Penetangiiishene.] 



Yes, you can make an apple orchard 

 do well on such a place, only it will 



entail more labour. The wiiter has 

 some two or three hundred apple trees 

 on the north side of the Niagara Es- 

 carpment in rough, rocky, clay soil, 

 and they are growing well. 



We would advise you to dig the 

 holes much larger every way than the 

 roots require, and to fill in with fine, 

 rich, sandy loam. Then under the 

 treatment you propose, you should 

 succeed. 



EVAPORATORS. 



ANSWERS BY R. .TOHNSOX, SII0RT8VILLE, X. V. 



36. Are evaporators much used ? 



[Geo. McKee, Orillia.] 

 The business of evajjorating fruit has 

 assumed such lai'ge importance that 

 the highest skill has been exercised to 

 produce the best machines and modes 

 of doing the work. 



37. What is the cost of an evaporator? 



[G. McK.] 



We use a Trescott machine, made at 

 Fairport, N. Y., that is very compact, 

 easily worked, and very [)owerful ; also 

 safe as to fire. The four-feet-square 

 machines will do 50 to 60 bushels of 

 black raspberries in 24 lioui's. Machine 

 costs $275. 



38. What fruits are profitably evap- 

 orated ? [G. McK.] 



Raspberries, black and red, black- 

 berries, apples and peaches. 



39. Canning Factory. — Would a canning 

 factory pay near Orillia, abundance of 

 fruit being grown about the place ? 



[G. McK.] 



The business requires experience — 

 many fail ; is sometimes difficult bo dis- 

 pose of stock ; must have local or spe- 

 cial markets. [R. .J.] 



Commission. — What is the usual com- 

 mission allowed for sale of fruits ? 



[G. McK.] 



IVIr. Johnston vrites that in New 

 York State, where wholesaled to deal- 



