134 



THE CANADIAN H0RTICULTUEI8T 



it quite early in June, using a Cana- 

 dian-made force pump, which was found 

 fully as good as Fields force pump, and 

 less expensive. By favor of Mr. Wm. 

 Kobertson we here show a cut of this 

 pump. 



ROBEKTSON S FORCE PUMP. 



The instrument was firmly screwed 

 fast in the end of a kerosene barrel, 

 and the whole arrangement firmly tied 

 fast in an express waggon, by means of 

 four ropes, one attached to each corner 

 of the box. This precaution was most 

 important, for horses are often very 

 timid over the spray, and the noise of 

 the pumping, and most serious acci- 

 dents might result from carelessness in 

 this respect. 



As to quantity, three ounces to forty 

 gallons of water were found to be quite 

 suflttcient. It was first mixed with a 

 small quantity of water and then pail 

 after jiail poured in until the ban-el 

 was full. 



Prof Forbes advises the use of a 

 pole long enough to reach the tops of 

 the highest trees, but surely this would 

 be exceedingly awkward to handle. 

 We question whether the professor ever 

 tried a day's work handling such a 



pole, say 20 feet long with 20 feet of 

 hose attached to the end. With eight 

 feet of hose and no pole at all, we 

 could force a fine spray over trees 20 

 feet in height, and surely a pole 10 feet 

 in length would answer for the highest 

 apple trees. 



The time of application last year 

 with us was the second week in June, 

 but the time of greatest benefit will of 

 course vary with the season. Repeated 

 applications every two or three weeks 

 as advised by some writers is wholly 

 unnecessary. Once is trouble enough, 

 and fortunately effective if applied 

 when the calyx end of the apple still 

 stands upward ; but later, when the 

 apple turns down by reason of its 

 weight, it is of little use. The reason 

 is that the egg of the Codling Moth is 

 deposited in this end, and the tiniest 

 drop of poison lodging here will kill 

 the young larva before it has found its 

 way coreward. Besides, if the poison 

 is lodged in the stem end of the .apple 

 it might possibly remain there long 

 enough to destroy lives more precious 

 than that of the hated apple worm. 



HYPOSULPHITE OF SODA FOR 

 FUSICLADIUM. 



The following letter is in reply to an 

 inquiiy concerning the best time and 

 mode of applying the above remedy for 

 the apple scab : — 



Sir, — I should think that a fully 

 satisfactory ti-ial of hyposulphite of 

 soda for fusicladium would i-equire that 

 it be used first just as the leaves are 

 coming out, and several times after- 

 ward during the early i)art of the sea- 

 son. The theory of its action is, that 

 it prevents the germination of the 

 spores and establishment of the fungus. 

 The fungus winters over on the bud 

 scales, and is ready to start into active 

 growth as soon as the young leaves are 

 formed. Of com'se a heavy rain washes 

 it from the tree, and the application 



