ILLUSTRATIONS, 



PLATES. 



Page. 



Typical forest mixture in Washington Frontispiece. 



Plate I. Figs. 1 and 2.— Pure stand of Western Hemlock, Cascade foothills, 



Washington 10 



II. Typical mixture of Red Fir and Hemlock, Black Hills, Washington. 10 



III. Fig. 1. — Semi-Alpine forest of Noble Fir, Red Fir, and Western 



Hemlock, Mount Rainier Forest Reserve. Fig. 2. — Western White 

 Pine, Cascade Mountains, Washington 10 



IV. Fig. 1. — Young Hemlock growing on Red Fir stump. Fig. 2. — 



Hemlock, second g'rowth, 12 to 14 years old, on logged-off land, 



near Hoquiam, AVash 14 



V. Fig. 1. — Hemlock seedlings growing on rotten wood. Fig. 2. — Hem- 

 lock, second growth, 15 years old, on logged-off land, near 



Hoquiam, Wash 14 



VI. Fig. 1. — "Conky" living Hemlock, showing fruiting organs. Fig. 

 2.— Distortion of trunk and branches of Hemlock caused by 



Arceuthobium occidentale 16 



VII. Fig. 1. — "Black check" in Hemlock lumber, caused by insect injury 

 when tree was small. Fig. 2. — Hemlock near Hoquiam, Wash., 



killed by Buprestid larvae 16 



VIII. Fig. 1. — Fasciation of Hemlock branch, caused by Arceuthobium 

 occidentale. Fig. 2. — Hemlock stump cut high to avoid ground- 

 rot - 20 



IX. Fig. 1. — Second-growth Red Fir, 70 years old; Dryad, Wash. Fig. 

 2.— Mature Red Fir, 380 years old; young Hemlock beneath; 



Black Hills, Washington 30 



X. Fig. 1. — Logged-off land, Buckley, Wash.; Hemlock and diseased 

 Fir left standing. Fig. 2. — Hemlock left after logging, Enumclaw, 



Wash., showing stumps of Red Fir 38 



XI. Pure second-growth Hemlock, 55 years old. South Bend, Wash 40 



XII. Figs. 1 and 2. — Western Hemlock, Cascade Mountains, Washington, 



showing thick, rough bark of mountain form 52 



TEXT FIGURES. 



Fig. 1.— Diagram showing height growth of mature Red Fir and of Hemlock 



growing beneath it, calculated on a basis of age 12 



2. — Diagram showing diameter growth of mature, Red Fir and of Hem- 

 lock, calculated on a basis of age 13 



3. — Diagram showing growth in height of second-growth Hemlock and 



Fir, on a basis of diameter breasthigh 40 



4. — Diagram showing growth in diameter of second-growth Red Fir and 



Hemlock in pure stands and of Hemlock in mixture with Red Fir. . 41 



5. — Diagram showing yield per acre in board feet on a basis of age of pure 



even-aged Hemlock with and without deduction for cull 43 



7 



