SUMMARY. 



Western Hemlock has suffered so severely through the reputation of 

 its Eastern relative among lumber manufacturers and consumers that 

 it has at present scarcely an}^ market standing. To remove this preju- 

 dice and to introduce the Western Hemlock to the market by pointing 

 out its uses, its economic value, and the conditions under which it 

 may profitably be grown, lumbered, and manufactured, was one of the 

 purposes of a two seasons' study on the ground, the results of which 

 are embodied in this report. The other purpose was to ascertain the 

 qualities and possibilities for forestry of a tree that must inevitabl}^ 

 take on great importance in conservative lumbering in the Northwest. 



The conclusions to which this study has led may be briefly sum- 

 marized as follows: 



(1) The wood of the Western Hemlock is far superior to that of the 

 Eastern tree. It is suitable for use in all ordinary building work; it 

 furnishes good paper pulp; it is sufficiently light and strong to make 

 excellent woodenware stock, and it is particularly valuable for indoor 

 finishing. Its bark is half again as rich in tannin as that of the East- 

 ern tree. 



(2) Under favorable conditions the Western Hemlock reproduces 

 abundantly and grows very rapidh^ Since these conditions are usually 

 disadvantageous to Red Fir, hemlock ma}^ often be counted upon to 

 reforest cut-over lands when Red Fir would probably fail to establish 

 itself. • 



(3) The Western Hemlock has now to contend mainly with a preju- 

 dice which is based upon a knowledge of the Eastern tree alone. The 

 importance of bringing it into the market on a large scale as a substi- 

 tute for Spruce and White Pine is growing rapidly. Its qualities 

 entitle it to rank among the valuable timber trees of this continent. 



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