On Saw-flies from Sjnti^hergen. 211' 



XXIV. — Ilesults of the Oxford Unioersiti/ K.i'pedit'wn to 

 S/iitshertjen, 1921. — No. 15. Saw-j/ui<. By F. D. ]\Iokice. 



TwEI.VE specinuMis in nil of tliis grou{) were captured during 

 the Expedition, but two only actually in Sj)itsbergen, the 

 remainder on Bear Island, which lies between Spitsbergen 

 and the North Cape. All are labi;llod as taken by C. S. 

 Elton between Jnnt; 14 and 26. Mr. Elton describes the 

 surface of Bear Island visited by him as "shattered rock with 

 very spar.so tundra." 



Like most of the saw-flies yet recorded from high northern 

 atitudes, all belong to the trrbe Neinatini, and would have 

 been included till recently in the Jurinean genus iVewa^MS ; 

 but, according to our pre^)ent classifications, three genera are 

 represented among them, and each of these genera by a single 

 species. Of the twelve specimens all but one are n)ales, and 

 none of the records throw any light on their attachment to 

 any particular food-plant; but they are all such as might be 

 expected to oviposit on some species of Saliv, and one (the 

 Pontania) is no doubt a gall-maker. 



None of the species, I believe, are "new to science," nor 

 do any of them appear to be actually confined to Spitsbergen 

 or Bear Island. No. 1 was first described from " Lappland 

 and Jemtland " (in Sweden). No. 2, known hitherto only 

 from Spitsbergen, occurred on this occasion both there and in 

 Bear Island. No. 3 seems to be a form described from the 

 New Siberian Islands and the mouth of tiie Lena. All 

 belong to genera which are well represented in Northern 

 Europe and Siberia, and it seems most probable that they 

 liave spread into their present habitats from the nearest parts 

 of the adjacent continent comparatively lately — i. e , certainly 

 since the Glacial Period, — though it is not easy to suggest 

 any probable manner in which they can have crossed the 

 intervening seas, for they have but little power of flight, and 

 do not (like Sircx etc.) feed or |)upate inside logs which 

 might be floated to a distance from their birth-place. 



Although I have not seen the actual " authoi-'a types " of 

 any of tliese three species, I do not feel much hesitation 

 about identifying them as follows. The largest of them (the 

 Amauroneinatiis) has, I believe, been described several times 

 under different luimes, and I give these names as synonyms 

 with the year in which each was first published. I reproduce 

 also, from the label attached to each specimen, Mr. Elton's 



