Sketefon of a hirqe P/e-<tofaiir. 411 



Tlie outer f:u*p of tlic liaiDiiicr-licails of hotli tliose ribs 

 (2 and .*i) is flattened, evidently for union of coiisidcrahle 

 closeness with tin* upper eiul of the iliurn. The outer eiul 

 of the fourth sacral rib is actu.dly bifurcate, its anterior 

 arm joinin«j the l)ack\vard ])r()(es.s of the third, while the 

 posterior prohahly joined a short stout rih, which may be 

 rci^ariied cither as a fifth sacral or the first caiuJal. The 

 articular faces of the sacral vertehnc are rather strongly 

 concave, witiujut the thickened and rounded border seen iu 

 the cervical centra : there seems to be no tendency for them 

 to fuse with one another. 



The caudal vcrtel)r;c have short centra with not very 

 deeply concave articular ends,' the borders of which are 

 sharp. The facets for unitui with the caudal ribs are 

 only slightly prominent in the front of the series, but 

 become more so further back. The neural spines are short 

 from before backwards. 



The shouldcr-yirdle is chiefly remarkable for the massivc- 

 ness of its constituent elements and for the shortness of the 

 post-glenoid region of the coracoids. 



The clavicular arch is, unfortunately, incomplete, but it 

 can be seen that it consisted as usual of an interclavicle 

 and a pair of clavicles, and that its anterior border was 

 somewhat deeply concave ; the visceral surface is slightly 

 concave. The suture between the interclavicle and the 

 clavicle is ol)scurc, but probably the former was a com- 

 paratively small element confined to the front of the middle 

 part of the arch, a portion of the suture on the right side 

 seems to be shown on PI. VIII. The outer end of the clavicle 

 united with the anterior ventral prolongation of the scapula, 

 and the suture between them is shown in PI. VIII. The 

 posterior border of the clavicular arch, no doubt, united with 

 the front of the coracoids in the middle line. Thescapuhe are 

 both imperfect, the anterior ventral ramus being broken away. 

 The glenoid ramus of the scapula is immensely massive, and 

 imites with the coracoid in a flat triangular sutural surface ; 

 the anterior border of this region forms a sharp edge, 

 constituting the outer border of the coraco-scapular foramen. 

 The ilorsal ramus of the scapula rises nearly vertically from 

 the ventral and glenoid rami, its nearly flat outer face being 

 about at right angles to the ventral face of the bone. This 

 dorsal ramus is extraordinarily massive, being some 5 centi- 

 metres thick in the middle ; its inner face is convex 

 transversely. 



Tlic coracoids arc chiefly remarkable for the shortness 

 of their post-glenoid region. The glenoid region is very 



