130 ^fesPis. K. Andersen and E. C. Wrougliton on 



b'. PrenasHl notch of pIcuU deeper, extendinp: to 

 lovi'l of front of w'. Trngus shorter, broader. 



Geiiernl size Inrpror II- Eucheira. 



h. p' nbsfiit. Prenasal notch of skull pointed 

 posteriorly. 'J'rngus very short nnd broad. 



General size very larpe. (Australian.) III. Macroderma. 



B. Frontal shield of skull not wider in front than be- 

 hind. Cusp 2 of m^ not or scarcely reduced in 

 size. ;/•' absent. (Ethiopian.) 



a. Posterior pair of angles of frontal shield pro- 



duced to form postorbital processes ; upper 

 surface of shield comparatively flat, m' quite 

 normal. Antero-internal basal cusp of upper 

 canines present. Nose-leaf very large. Tra- 

 gus long', narrow. PoUex small IV. Lavin. 



b. Posterior pair of angles of frontal shield not 



produced to form postorbital processes ; upper 

 surface of shield strongly concave. Cusp .3 of 

 nj* moved backward. Antero-internal basal 

 cu.sp of upper canines absent. Nose-leaf 

 small. Tragus short, broad. Pollex larger. . V. Cardiodertna. 



I. Megaderma, GeofF. 



]810. Megaderma, Geoffrey, Ann. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. xv. p. 187. 



Diogriosis. — See " Key " above, p. 129. 

 Skull. — Frontal shield wider in front than behind, its 

 anterior pair of angles situated at the bases of the maxillary 

 j)rocesses of the zygomatic arches ; the ridges joining them 

 Avith the ])OSterior pair of angles forming quite normal supra- 

 orbital ridges; looked at from above, the anterior pair of 

 angles are obscured by anteorbital swellings, -which, separated 

 by a distinct depression, occupy the whole anterior part of the 

 frontal shield. Prenasal notch shallower, measured from the 

 cingulum of canine equal to about ^ of total length of skull. 



Teeth. — A small ]? present. Cusp 3 of ni} is moved back- 

 ward, while cusp 2 is moved inward and reduced in height. 

 In the typical molar of an insectivorous bat the anterior and 

 posterior triangles are piactically of the same size; in Mega- 

 derma the posterior triangle (formed by cusps 2, 3, 5) is 

 distinctly larger than the anterior (formed by cusps 1, 2, 4), 

 though not to the same extent as in Eucheira. Antero- 

 internal basal cusp of upper canines quite distinct, but not so 

 strongly developed as in Eucheira. 



Jslose-leaf. — Posterior leaf in shape a broad ellipse, rather 

 longer than the horseshoe, with a median longitudinal fold 

 which, seen from the front, appears as a longitudinal ridge ; at 

 its base this ridge expands into a broad, heart-shaped, median 

 leaf, which overlaps and conceals the lateral margins of the 

 horseshoe. 



