132 ]\lessrs. K. AiKlorsen and R. C. Wrou":liton on 



1 a. Megadenna spasma spasma, L. 



1734. Gil's volans Tenmtunux, Seba, Thesaur. p. 90, pi. hi. fig. 1. 



17oS. Vespertilio spasma, Linn.'eus, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. '.^^2. 



1610. Mcgadcrma spasma, L. ; Geoffroy, Ann. Mus. d'llist. Nat. xv. 



p. li>-). 

 1843. Mcffadcrma philippimnsis, Watcrhouse, P. Z. S. p. 09. 



Diagnosis. — Lower leg averaging shorter: 28-29'5 ram. 



Specimens examined. — 6 (2 skins) and 6 skuU.s, from 

 Celebes (o), Philippines (3). 



Bange. — " Ternate/' Celebes, Philippines. 



]S omened ature. — Linne's Vespertilio spa.tma was based on 

 Seba's "Glis volans Ternatanus." Having had no speci- 

 mens from Ternate for examination, we use the name spasma 

 for the laee here under consideration, the habitat of which is 

 the nearest to Ternate. Water'.iouse described M. pliilippin- 

 ensis from specimens collected by Cuming, some of which are 

 now in the l^-itish Museum Collection. They are in every 

 respect indistinguishable from Celebes individuals. 



1 h. Megaderma spasma trifolium, Geoflf. 



1810. Megaderma trifolium, Geoffroy, Ann. Mus. d'llist. Nat. xv. 



p. 193. 



ISol. Megaderma , Horsfield, Cat. Mamm. Mus. E. I. Co. p. 32. 



1863. Megaderma Horsfieldi, Blytb, Cat. Mamm. Mus. As. Soc. Beng. 



p. 23. 



Diagnosis. — Lower leg averaging longer : 29*5-33*5 mm. 



Details. — J/. .<?. trifolium can only be distinguished from 

 M. s. spasma by its rather longer lower leg. Tlie skull, teeth, 

 and external characters are otherwise the sa.ne i:i tlie two 

 races. 



Specimens e.ramined. — 29 (IG skins) and 29 skulls, from 

 Ceylon (3), \V. India (4), ISiam and Cochin Cliina (8), 

 Penang (2), Singapore (3), Sumatra (2), Java (6), Borneo (I). 



Geojfrvy's M. trifolium. — Type locality : Java. Geoffroy 

 compared his Javan bat with Seba's plate of Glis volans 

 Ternatanus (Linne's V. spasma), and found it to differ in the 

 shapes of the posterior leaf and the tragus; he therefore 

 described it as a new species, M. trifolium. We have 

 examined specimens from Java and can find no validity in 

 these alleged characters. The name trifolium is the earliest 

 available tor the form here under consideration. 



BbjilisM. Uorsfeldi. — In 1851 (l.s.c.) Horsfield described 

 a Megaderma "iron) Continental India, contributed by 

 E. Blyth, Esq., on behalf of the Asiatic Society of Bengal''; 

 no name was proposed by Horsfield ; it was characterized by 



