50G Mr. K. Andersen on 



auditory meatus. Preraaxillaries in contact or co-ossified in 

 front. Cutting-edges of lower incisors (when unworn) bifid ; 

 the emargination of the cutting-edge continued as a shallow 

 vertical groove for a short distance down the front face of 

 the crown, p^ subequal in size to an upper incisor. Wj 

 shorter than Wo and m^ combined. Palate ridges 4 (or 3) + 3 

 (or 4)+l (or 2). Size moderate: forearm 69*5-99 mm. 



Eange. — The African continent, exclusive of the Mediter- 

 ranean countries W. of Egypt ; S. Asia, from Palestine 

 and Cyprus to S. China ; the Indo- and Austro-Malayan 

 Archipelago, as far east as the Solomon Islands. 



1. Rousettus LeacM, A. Sm. 



]823. Pteropus collaris (nee El.), Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. Mus. 



Berlin, p. 3, no. 47 (Terra CafFrorum). 

 1827. Pteroptis amplexicandatus (nee GeotF.), Temminck, Mon. Mamm. 



i. pp. 260-261 (Cape). 

 1829. Pte?-ojms Leachi, A. Smith, Zool. Journ. iv. p. 433 (Cape). 

 1832. Pteropus hottentottus, Temminck, in Smut's Enum. Mamm. 



Capens. p. 3 (Cape), 

 1843. (Jynopterus bi-evicaudatus (nee Is. Geoff.), Gray, List Mamm. 



B. M. p. 39. 



Distinguished from all other species of the genus by the 

 combination of the following characters : — Frontal region of 

 skull between postorbital processes flattened ; premaxillaries 

 in contact, but rarely co-ossified ; total length of skull 40'5- 

 43*8 mm. ; palate ridges normally 4-t-3 + l. Wings from 

 back of first toe, or interspace between first and second toe ; 

 pollex (with claw) 31-35'5 mm. ; second phalanx of third 

 digit 50*5—60 mm. ; second phalanx of fifth digit nearly 

 always shorter than first phalanx ; ears not attenuated at 

 tip ; fur short. Forearm 89-99 mm. 



liange. — S. Africa : Cape Colony, Natal, Lower Zambesi 

 (Inhambane). 



Cotype in the British Museum. 



llliger's Pteropus collaris. — Type locality : " die ostlichen 

 [afrikanischen] Inseln " ; no type. IWigty'' s, Pteropus collaris 

 (Abh. Akad. Berlin, 1804-11, pp. 78, 84; published 1815) 

 is Brisson's Pteropus collo ruhro, " E-oussette a col rouge " 

 (1762), Schreber's Vespertilio Vampyrus, var. B (1774), 

 Pennant's " Rougette " (1781), Kerr's Vespertilio Vampyrus 

 suhniger (1792; earliest available name of the species), 

 E. GeofFroy's Pteropus rubricollis (1810). In 1823 Lichten- 

 stein [l. s. c.) misapplied the name Pt. collaris to the 

 S. African fruit-bat here under consideration ; but the error, 

 hidden as it was in the little-known ' Verz. Doubl. Mus. 



