On Brachi'oiwd Xomendalure. 525 



LXIII. — Brachio])od Nomenchiture : the Genofjjpe of 

 Terebiatulti. By S. S. BuCKMAN, F.G.S. 



[Plate XII.] 



To wliich author must the generic term Terebratula be 

 ascribed, what species is the type of the genus, and to what 

 formation does it belong ? These are the questions which it 

 is proposed to answer in the following communication. What 

 opinions are held at present may be shown by citing a itw 

 noted authorities. 



Davidson * says ^'Terebratula, Llhwyd, 1696, type T. vitrea 

 Linn. sp. " ; but he states further that Llhwyd's species 

 Terehratiila minor suhruhra is Terehratala maxillata. In the 

 Appendix issued in 1856, p. 16, he speaks of Terehratala 

 maxillata, Sow., as being " the fossil type " of Terebratula. 



Dall, in his Index f, writes " Terebratula O. F. Miiller 

 1776 ... . Miiller cannot be said to have settled the type. 

 T. vitrea, Lam,, and T. perovalis, Sow., are generally 

 accepted as the types of the genus." 



H. Douvill^, * Genres de Brachiopodes/ says J : — " TERE- 

 BRATULA, Klein, 1753. Especetype: Terebratula terebratula, 

 Linne sp. Ce genre a ete fonde par Klein pour les Concha 

 o^jomza de Fabio Coloniia ; Klein reproduit une des figures 

 de cet auteur repr^sentant une T^rebratule fossile du groupe 

 des Diplicatce, tr^s-voisine de la T. ampulla du Pliocene 

 d'ltalie. C'est cette figure, ^ laquelle Linn^ a appliqu^ le 

 nom sjjecijique de Terebratula, que nous prendrons pour type 

 du genre." 



He reproduces Colonna's figure and names it " Terebratula 

 terebratula, Linnd sp." 



Hall and C'larke, in their * Introduction to Brachiopoda,' 



state §: — ^^Terebratula, Klein, 1753 It is inferred 



that the species [Linne's Anomia terebratula'] is a fossil from 

 the Mesozoic or Tertiary formations, though its geological 

 horizon is not more precisely known." They reproduce 

 Colonna-Klein^s figure and give it the name " Terebratula 

 simplex, Klein" ||. 



Schuchert, in his ' Brachiopoda ' ^, says concisely : — 



* * Classification of the Brachiopoda,' Monogi-aph, vol. i. part 1, p Q2 

 (Pal. Soc.) (1854). 



t Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. viii. 1877, p. 70. 



\ Bull. Soc. G^ol. France, (3) vii. p. 264 (1880). 



§ Thirteenth Ann. Report State Geologist for 1893, vol. ii p 8"o 

 (1894). 



II See note below, p. 530. 



% Text-book Pal., Zittel, transl. Eastman, vol. i. p. .329 dOOO). 



