the futr^i/ Sliijrs of Pa'.tostoiim scliiiicri. 189 



are the same in tuiniber and arranf;cnient, also its dorsal 

 s|)iiics, and the lateral processes are similar. The posterior 

 or anal portion has its marj^in entire, and four or five spines 

 on either side near the base ; the hind auf^ies are obtuse and 

 rounded, and the hind marjjin I'ornjs a broad eurve ; the 

 ni:irj;in bears six lon;^ line setie, on either side two arise con- 

 tijjuously just under the mar{;in immediately in front of the 

 anj;le, and one on the hind nii'rjjin rather less than halfway 

 from the aiif^le to tlu^ middle line ; they are very easily 

 broken oil", hence one or more are frequently missin;^. 



The «/«// luj'l consists of four very short branchial (iia- 

 ments, sometimes pirtly hidden by the sucker. 



Sjjiracies (I'l. IX. l-g. 2, s.). — The second to ninth 

 pairs are visible as black spots on the ventral surface, in 

 almost the same situations as those described and fi<;urcd by 

 l'\ Midler for his larva {op. cit. p|). ()G-70, pi. vi. fij,^s. 1-2). 

 There are two close to'jether on either side of the eephalo- 

 thoraeie segment, a little within the base of the lateral 

 pro(;ess. Each of the segments 2-6 bears a pair in front, 

 situated near the angles formed by the lateral margins whei*e 

 these turn outwards to the bases of the lateral processes ; 

 these spiracles are often hiddi-n by the ontspi'cading branchial 

 filaments. In addition to these, the sixth segment bears a 

 second and more conspicuous pair on its posterior (anal) 

 division, near the base, on either side of the sucker. 1 have 

 been unable to trace the first pair (which Miiller described 

 as being on the dorsal wall of tlie cephalothorax), unless the 

 " eye-hke spots " be i\w\ (see above, p. 187). Aliillcr found 

 the spiracles in his larva to he functionless, and connected 

 uith the functional tracheal system by slender in)pcrvious 

 curds which he termed " troncos iniciaes.'^ 



IV. The Pupa. (PI. X. fig. 5 ; PI. IX. figs. 0-8.) 



Diai/iiosis. — Length ca. 3"j-4 mm. Dorsal surface bearing 

 numerous erect black set:e, the arrangement of which is 

 described in detail below. Respiratory horns with the outer 

 lamime triangular, with pointed apex. [Adhesive pads four 

 in number on either side of the body in all the material 

 before me.] 



The pnpa is reddish or yellowish brown, rather shorily 

 and broadly ovoid, not very strongly convex. The segmenta- 

 tion is normal {rf. MiilUr, op. cit. pp. 75-79, pi. vii. fig. 4), 

 the metathorax and first two abdominal segments not reach- 

 ing the sides of the body, but being enclosed between the 

 niesothorax and third abdominal segment. The dorsal 

 surface bears very numerous erect black se/cc of \arvin"- 



