14 



Popular Science Montkly 



The bridge reduced by the Sydney's shell 

 fire to a battered wreck 



to secure a distant position, at which 

 the smaller guns of the Emdcn could do 

 the Sydney very little harm. 



Steel Crumpled Like Paper 



These photographs indicate the fright- 

 ful effect of naval gunnery and suggest 

 the tremendousness of naval power. In 

 naval ships, large guns are installed that 

 can be taken at great speed all over the 

 world, and fired with great precision 

 over long distances, and with great ef- 

 fect. In the photographs, we see grear 

 masses of steel, crumpled like paper ; we 

 see the ship's side penetrated ; we see the 

 bridge from which the Captain and the 

 officers usually directed the ship, an un- 

 distinguishable wreck of iron and brass ; 

 we see the funnels made veritable scrap- 

 iron ; we see the spar-deck torn up ; we 

 see the ship itself reduced from the con- 

 dition of a rapidly cruising man-of-war 

 to that of an inert mass of torn and 

 twisted iron. All this was done in little 

 more than an hour. 



Although the Emden was not a very 

 powerful ship compared with many oth- 

 ers she was nevertheless a strong and 

 well-built vessel, and could not have been 



The spar deck of the Emden was torn up 

 by a veritable hail of shell 



wrecked except by tremendous power. 

 The power of armies is exerted for the 

 most part by muskets, which cannot be 

 heavier than single n:ien can carry and 

 by field artillery and siege artillery, in- 

 tended for use against men and lightly 

 constructed buildings of wood and stone 

 and brick. 



A Fourteen-Inch Shell is Equii-aleiit to 

 Sixty Thousand Muskets 

 The value of a bullet fired from a 

 musket, or of a large projectile fired 

 from a gun, is due to its ability to pen- 

 etrate the resisting envelope of a man 

 in one case, or a ship in the other case. 

 Naturally, the measure of that power is 

 the energy of the projectile, which ener- 

 gy is dependent on both mass and veloc- 

 ity. As was shown in the November num- 

 ber of the Popular Science Monthly, 

 the energy of a fourteen-inch shell fired 

 say from our Nevada, is about equal to 

 that of sixty thousand muskets when the 

 projectiles start. But after the musket 

 bullet has gone a little more than a mile, 

 it falls to the earth, its energy reduced 

 to zero, while the fourteen-inch projec- 

 tile has hardly started. If the Emden 

 h.ad been fired at bv muskets at the dis- 



