218 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 



Quercus serrata, S var. nana Blume, 1. c. (1850). 



Quercus serrata, e var. obtusata Blume, 1. c. (1850). 



Quercus acutissima Carruthers in Jour. Linn. Soc. VI. 33 (1862). — Schottky 



in Bot. Jahrb. XLVII. 638 (1912). — Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIX. 



57 (1915). — Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXX. 203 (1916). 

 Quercus serrata, var. Roxhurghii A. De Candolle, Prodr. XVI. pt. 2, 51 (1864), 



excl. synon. " Q. serrata Roxb." — King in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta, II. 



22, t. 16 (1889). 

 Quercus Bombyx Hort. Leroy ex Koch, Dendr. II. pt. 2, 72 (pro synon.) (1873). 

 Quercus acutissima, var. Roxhurghii Schottky in Bot. Jahrb. XLVII. 638 



(1912). 

 Quercus Ushiyamana Nakai in Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. XIII. 250 (1914). 



Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1000 m., May 1907 

 (No. 536^; tree 10-20 m. tall, girth 1-2.5 m.); north and south of 

 Ichang, alt. 30-1000 m., abundant, May 1907 (No. 3645; tree 10-20 

 m. tall, girth 1-2 m.). Western Szech'uan : Hokiang Hsien, E. 

 Faher (No. 216); Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 1300-2000 m., November 

 1908 (No. 1332; tree 8-12 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); Mt. Omei, June 1904 

 (Veitch Exped, No. 5189). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, 

 D. Macgregor; Changhua Hsien, alt. 300 m., July 12, 1915, F. N. 

 Meyer (No. 1546). Chili: near "Santun-ying," May 1913, F. N. 

 Meyer (Nos. 39, 977); near " Changli," October 1905, F. N. Meyer 

 (No. 197); Peking, cemetery, October 10, 1905, J. G. Jack. Shan- 

 tung: Chifu, September 22, 1903, C. S. Sargent 



NORTHEASTERN ASIA. Korea: Seoul, September 25, 1905, J. G. Jack; 

 Quelpaert, " Hongno," August 1907, U. Faurie (No. 1525) ; Hallaisan, September 

 4, 1908, Taquet (No. 1435) ; in woods, July 1909, June, July 1910, Taquet (Nos. 

 2544, 2548, 4446). 



This is the common low-level Oak of the Yangtsze Valley and up to 1000 m. 

 altitude is abundant everywhere in western Hupeh and in Szech'uan. It often 

 forms pure woods or grows mixed with Pines, and as low coppice growth or scrub 

 it covers low steep hills. In Japan it is common in Kyushu, Shikoku and in the 

 warmer parts of Hondo and is cultivated in Tokyo and other places to the north- 

 ward. When allowed to develop this Oak makes a handsome tree 25 m. tall, with 

 stout widespreading branches and a trunk from 3 to 4 m. in girth. The leaves vary 

 greatly in shape, in length of petiole and in length of the setae; when young the 

 leaves are densely hairy, but at maturity they are glabrous or nearly so and always 

 green on the under surface. The bark is dark gray, rough and fissured, but never 

 corky. The fruit matures the second season. Its wood is valued for boat building 

 and for general construction purposes, and that of coppice growth is largely used 

 as fuel and for making charcoal; the cups are used for dyeing silk-yarn black. 

 In Hupeh it is known as the Hwa-li and occasionally Hung (red) Hwa-li, but in the 

 prefecture of Paoning in north-central Szech'uan, where a silkworm (Antheraea 

 Pernyi) feeds on the leaves, it is known as Ching-kang. In the province of Kwei- 

 chou this silkworm feeds on this Oak. 



We do not think that the Indian plant can be maintained as a distinct variety, 

 for the specimens before us from Korea exhibit as much variation as specimens 



