ROSACEA 



113 



Order XXII. ROSACEA. 



Flowers perfect, regular, terminal, usually iu a corymb, cyme, or 

 umbel. Sepals 5, occasionally fewer, united at the base. Petals 5, occa- 

 sionally wanting. Stamens numerous, in several series, distinct or 

 cohering together, inserted with the petals on the disk which lines 

 the calyx-tube. Leaves alternate, stipulate. Fruit a pome, drupe, or 

 akene. Seeds one or few in each carpel. Herbs, shrubs, or trees. 



Number of genera, 71 ; of species, 1000. 



RUBUS, L. Calyx spreading, 5-parted ; petals 5 in number, falling. 

 Stamens many, on the border of the disk; ovaries numerous, with 

 2 ovules, 1 abortive. Akenes pulpy, drupe-like, aggregated upon a 

 succulent receptacle. Shrub. 



1. R. strigosus, Mx. (Wild Red Ra.spberry.) Stem 3 feet hi^rh, l,alf an 

 inch iu diameter, sparingly or diffusely bnmched, armed witli weak prickles. 

 Leaves ])iuuately 3-5-leaved; leaflets ob- 

 long-ovate, obtuse at the base, pointed at 

 the apex, serrate, gashed, teeth unequal, ses- 

 sile and hoary beneath, wrinkled. Flowers 

 white; corolla cup-shaped, and smaller than 

 the calyx. Fruit hemispherical, when re- 

 moved from the receptacle ; it is hollow, 

 and forms a little cup. The aroma and 

 taste are very grateful. Connnou in 

 Northern United States. Flowers in June. 

 Fruits in July and August. Root i)erennial. 

 Stem biennial. 



2. R. occidentalis, L. (Black Raspberry. 

 Thimble llerry. Black Cap.) Stem 3 to 

 5 feet higli, glaucous, recurved, bending to 

 the ground, armed with strung recurved 

 prickles. Leaf 3-foliate ; leaflets acuminate, 



subsessile, doubly serrate, tomentose, or white downy beneath. Flowers 

 axillary and terminal ; corolla smaller than the calyx. Fruit like the last, 

 except that it is black. Flowers in May and June ; fruit ri]iens in July. 

 Common where the last is found. Dr. (tray says it flourishes best in ground 

 that has l)ccn Inirned over. 



3. R. Idaeus, L. (Garden Ixaspberry.) Stem 5 to 8 feet high, armed witli 

 strong bristles or recurved jtrickles. Leaf ])innate, with 3 to 5 leaflets; the 

 leaflets broad-ovate, acuminate, uneriually cut and toothed, hoary undernenth ; 

 lateral ones sessile, terminal one petioled. Flowers in corymbs or panicle.^ ; 

 petals shorter than tlie divisions of the calyx, white, terminal. Fruit red, Uke 

 No. 1. Dr. (iray tliinks it identical witli the .\merii-an sj)ecies R. strigosus. 

 Wood says Dr. Robl)ins found it in a wild state in Vermont, also in Connecticut. 



R. Idnsus is tlie ])]ant from which all the varieties of the red raspberry have 

 .sprung, either by hybridizinj; or from seedlings. 



The black cap varieties iiave arisen by similar means from the R. 

 occidentalis. 



There are about 150 varieties under culli\atiou in North America. 

 Tr. Fl. — 9 



RuBus (Raspberry). 



