334 



GLOSSARY, 



shrub, a woody perennial plunl less than 

 fifteen feet in height. 



sTg'moid, curved in two directions, like the 

 letter s or the Gh-eek sigma. 



sil'i cle, the short pod of many cruciferous 

 plants. 



sil'ique, the long pod of many cruciferous 

 plants. 



sTl'i quose. bearing siliques {us the crucifers). 



sTlk'y, glossy, with a coat of fine and soft, 

 close-pressed, straight hairs. 



sil'ver y, shining white or bluish-gray, usn- 

 ally from a silky pubescence. 



sTm'ple, of one piece ; not compound. 



sTn'is trorse, twining from right to left. 



sTn'u ate, having a wavy margin or edge. 



si'mis, a recess or bay ; the reentering angle 

 between two lobes or projections. 



sleep of plants, a state of plants, usually at 

 night, when their leaflets approach each 

 other, and the flowers close and droop, or 

 are covered by the folded leaves. 



sob o lifer ous, bearing shoots from near 

 the ground {sob'o les). 



sol'i ta ry, growing alone or singly. 



sOr'did, dull or dirty in hue. 



so re'di ate, bearing patches of granular 

 bodies on the surface. 



soro'sis, a fleshy multijile fruit, as the 

 Mulberry. 



so'rus, a fruit dot of ferns. 



spadT'ceous, chestnut-colored ; bearing flow- 

 ers on a spadix. 



spa'dix, a spike with a fleshy axis. 



span, the distance between the tip of the 

 thumb and the little finger when the hand 

 is outstretched, — about six or seven inches. 



spa tha'ceous, having or resembling a spathe. 



spathe, a large bract, or a pair nf bracts, 

 inclosing a floiver cluster. 



spSt'ulate, shaped like a druggisfs spatula. 



spe''cies, the unit in natural history classifl- 

 cation; a group of individuals believed 

 to be descended from common ancestors, 

 agreeing in essential characteristics, and 

 capable of continued fertile reproduction. 



sper'ma to phore, sper'mo phore, or sper'- 

 ino spore, one of the names of the placenta. 



spi 'cate, or spi 'ci form, resembling a spike ; 

 spike-shaped. 



spike, an inflorescence in which the flowers 

 are sessile on a lengthened axis. 



spike 'let, a little spike, as in grasses. 



spTn'dle-shaped, tapering from the middle 

 both ways. 



spine, a looody thorn. 



spi nSs'cent, armed icith spines ; becoming 

 hard and thorny ; tapering gradually to 

 a rigid, leafless point. 



spi nif 'er ous, or spi 'nose, thorny; full of 

 spines. 



spi'ral arrangement {of leaves), an arrange- 

 ment wherein the leaves are alternately 

 arranged around the stem or branch. 



spi'ral cells or vessels, long, slender cells 

 arranged in a coil. 



sponge'let, or spon'gi ole, a su,pposed spuiiye- 

 like expansion of the tip of a rootlet for 

 absorbing water. 



spo rad'ic, widely dispersed. 



spo ran'gi um, a spore case in cryptogamous 

 plants. 



spore, rt reproductive grain in flowerless 

 plants, analogous to seeds in flowering 

 plants. 



spore case, a sporangium. 



spo'ro phore, the generative organ in certairi 

 plants which reproduces asexually. 



sport, a newly appeared variation. 



spor'ule, a little spore ; a spore. 



spumes'cent, appearing like froth. 



spQr, a stiff, sharp spine; a slender pro- 

 jecting appendage. 



squa ma'ceous, squa'mate, or squa mose', 

 covered with or consisting of scales ; re- 

 sembling a scale. 



squa'mi form, having the shape of a scale. 



squam'ulate, or squam'ulose, having little 

 scales. 



squar rose', divided into shreds or jags ; 

 having ividely divaricating scales, as the 

 involucral scales of the CompositcB. 



stalk, the stem, petiole, peduncle, etc., of a 

 plant. 



sta'mens, the organs that produce pollen, 

 consisting of filament and anther. 



stSm'inate, furnished with stamens; pro- 

 ducing stamens. A staminate floiver is 

 one having stamens, but lacking pistils. 



stSm'i no'di um, a stamen ivithout an an- 

 ther ; an organ resembling an abortive 

 stamen. 



stSnd'ard, the upper petal, or banner, of a 

 papilionaceous corolla. 



starch, a ividely diffused vegetable substance 

 found especially in seeds, bidbs, and tu- 

 bers, from which it is extracted as a white 

 granular or powdery substance, without 

 taste or odor. 



sta'tion, the particidar situation in which 

 a plant occurs. 



stel'late, or stel'lular, starry, or star-like; 

 spreading out from a common center, like 

 a star. 



stem'less, destitute, or apparently destitute, 

 of a stem. 



ste noph'yl lous, having narrow leaves. 



ster'ile, barren; not bearing seeds ; unpro- 

 ductive. 



stig'ma, the part of the pistil, usually the 

 end, fltted to receive the pollen. 



stig mSt'ic, of or pertaining to a stigma. 



stings, stinging hairs; hairs sufiUciently 

 rigid to perforate animal tissue, and of 

 ivhich, having entered, the apex breaks 

 off, discharging an irritating fluid. 



stipe, the stalk of the ovary or ovaries; the 

 stem of a Mushroom, 



