LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PRODUCING PLANTS. 191 



Baillon, Hist. PL VI, 256; Benth.and Hook., Gen. PI III. 407; Durand, 

 Ind. Gen. Phan. 381; Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. 3, 1,55 (Prantl); 

 Schenck, Palaeophyt. 433. 



Living species: 300 i; 300 (B. and H.); temperate and 

 tropical regions; especially Europe, tropical and West Asia; 

 N. America; absent from S. America, S. Africa, Australia and 

 Oceanica. Europe, 25; Russia, 10; tropical Asia, 150; North 

 America and Mexico, 100 ; U. S. 50;E. Sts., 19; S. Sts., 

 21; Canada, 12-13; California and Pac. U. S., 25; PI. Wheel., 

 10; (see W. Am. Oaks, Kellogg, Greene and McDonald). 



Fossil species: 200 described; Lower Cretaceous, 

 Quercophyllum, 2 sp. Potomac beds (Fontaine)-, Upper Creta- 

 ceous, Colo., Neb., Kan , Wyoming (Lesquereaux, Ward, New- 

 berry, Heer); Tertiary, N. America, Australia, Sumatra, Java, 

 Japan, Greenland, Alaska, Spitzbergen, France, Italy ( Saporta, 

 Heer, Ettinghausen, Br.ongniart, Goppert, Unger, Nathorst; Les- 

 quereaux, etc. ) Pliocene and Quaternary, Ohio, Italy, Japan 

 (Neivberry, Goppert, Saporta, Nathorst); Amber, Baltic region 

 (Conwentz). 



(Juercus velutina LAM. Enc. Meth. II, 721 (1789). 

 Q. discolor AIT. Hort. Kew. Ill, 358 (1789). 

 Q. tinctoria BARTR. Trav. 2 ed. 37 (179J). 

 Q. tinctoria var. angulosa MICHX. Fl. N. Am. II, 198 (1803) 

 Q. tinctoria var. sinuosa MICHX. Fl. N. Am. II, 198 (1803). 

 Q. coccinea var. tinctoria GRAY, Man. 5 ed. 454 (1868). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 477; Britt., Fl. N. J. 244; Mac., 

 Fl. Can. I, 443; Upharn, Fl. Minn. 126; Chap., Fl. S. St. 422; Cov., Fl. Ark. 

 221; Engl. Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. Ill, 1, 57. 



North America: S. Maine, W. Ont. to Minn.; S. to N. 

 J., Ga., Tex.; W. to Kan. and Ark. 



Minn, valley: Forest district throughout; woods and 

 hillsides. 



HERB. : Sheldon 475, Madison Lake, Blue Earth Co. ; 

 Taylor 332, Janesville; Bollard 329n, Belle Piaine; Sandberg 

 499, Red Wing; Holzinger 254, Winona Co. 



(Juercus rubra LINN. Spec. 996 (1753). 

 Q. ambigua MICHX. Am. Arb. II, 120 (1810). 

 Q. coccinea var. ? rubra SPACH, Veg. II, 165 (1834). 

 Q. rubra var. runcinata A. DC. Prodr. XVI, 2, 60 (1864). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 477; Britt., Fl. N. J. 224; Webb., 

 Fl. Neb. 109; Upham, Fl. Minn. 127; Chap., Fl. S. St. 422; Mac., Fl. Can. 

 I, 442; II, 356; Cov., Fl. Ark. 221; Engl. Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. Ill, 1, 56. 



North America: Q., Ont. to height of land W. of L. 

 Superior, at L. Namakeen; S. to N. J. and Fla. ; W. to 

 Minn., Neb,. Kan., Mo. and Ark. 



