358 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 



TITIS LINN. Gen. 161 (1737). 



Planchon, Mon. Amp. 321; Benth. and Hook., Gen. PL I, 387; Durand, 

 Ind. Gen. Phan. 70; Gray, 111. Gen. II, 163; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. I, 125; 

 Schenck, Palaeophyt. 593. 



Living species : 30 ; northern and temperate regions 

 in both hemispheres. Russia, 1; Europe, 1; N. America, 15; 

 S. Sts., 11; E. Sts., 8; Canada, 3; W. Tex., 8; Calif., 1; Rocky 

 mts., 1; PL Wheel., 3. 



Fossil species: Cretaceous, Europe and N. Amer. ; 

 Tertiary, Greenland (Heer}\ Wyoming (Lesquereaux) ; Prance 

 (Saporta and Maricm) ; Pliocene or Quat. , Japan (Nathorst); older 

 Tertiary, Japan (Nathorst)', 25-30 sp. descr. 



Titis aestivalis MICHX. PI. N. Am. II, 230 (1803). 

 V. ladniosa MARSH. Arbust. 165 (1785). 

 V. labrusca WALT. Fl. Car. 243 (1788). 

 V.palmata VAHL, Symb. Ill, 42 (1794). 

 V. vulpina JACQ. Hort. Schoenbr. IV, 13 (1804). 

 V. virginiana POIR. Enc. Meth. VIII, 608 (1810). 

 V. intermedia and labruscoides MUHL. Cat. 26 (1813). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 113; Britt., Fl. N. J. 77; Upham, 

 Fl. Minn. 38; Webb., Fl. Neb. 123; Chap., Fl. S. St. 71; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 

 504; Coult., Fl. Tex. 62; Roth., Wheel. Exp. 83?; Cov.,Fl. Ark. 172; Wats.. 

 Bibl. Ind. I, 171. 



North America: Ont. along L. Erie to N. Eng., N. J. 

 and S. to Pla. ; W. to Minn., Neb., Ark., Miss, and Pecos river 

 in Tex. 



Minn, valley: Throughout but local; reported from 

 Big Stone, Ft. Snelling and Worthington. 



Yitis riparia MICHX. PL N. Am. II, 231 (1803). 

 V. vulpina LINN. Spec. 203 (1753) in part. 

 V. odoratissima DON, Cat. Cant. 66 (1796). 

 V. incisa JACQ. Hort. Schoenb. IV, 14 (18,04). 

 V. cordifolia var. riparia GKAY, Man. 5 ed. 113 (1867). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 114; Britt., Fl. N. J. 77; Webb., 

 Fl. Neb. 123; Chap., Fl. S. Sts. 71; Upham, Fl. Minn. 38; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 

 97, 504; Coult., Fl. Tex. 63; Cov., Fl. Ark. 172; Wats., Bibl. Ind. I, 173. 



North America: N. S., N. Br. to Lake Winnipeg; S. 

 toN. Eng., N. J. andPenn.; W. to Minn., Neb., Kan., Ark. 

 and Tex. ' 



Minn, valley: Throughout; less common than V. cor- 

 difolia Lam. ; river banks and thickets. 



HERB.: Sheldon 1333, Lake Benton; Ballard 30, 

 Chaska; Sheldon 1485, Pipestone City; Sheldon 34, Elysian; 

 Herb. Moyer 259, Montevideo. 



