372 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 



Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 197; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 177; Webb., 

 PI. Neb. 125; Coult., Fl. Colo. Ill; Upham, Fl. Minn. 59; Wats., KingExp. 

 118; Roth., Wheel. Exp. 129; Cov., Fl. Ark. 184; Wats., Bibl. Ind. I, 407. 



North America: Colo, and Mont, to Neb., Minn., 

 Kan., Ark., Mo. and Wise. 



Minn, valley: S. W. edge; ledges of quartzite or 

 syenitic rock; rare.- 



HERB.: Sheld. 1495, Pipestone City; Huniington 27, 

 Hock Co. 



Opuntia raflnesquii ENGELM. Pac. R. R. Rep. IV, 41 

 <1856). 



Cactus opuntia TOBR. Fl. U. S. 466 (1824) in part. 

 Opuntia mesacantha and caespitosa RAF. Bull. Bot. (1830). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 197; Webb., Fl. Neb. 125; Upham, 

 PI. Minn. 59; Coult., Fl. Col. Ill; Cov., Fl. Ark. 184; Coult., Fl. Tex. 135; 

 Wats., Bibl. Ind. I, 408. 



North America: Ont. to Nantucket, N. J. and Fla.; 

 Mississippi valley; Mich., Minn, to Neb., Kan., Ky., Ark., 

 Colo, and W. Tex. 



Minn, valley: Central S. district, on ledges of rock in 

 bed of river Warren; New Ulm to Dakota line. 



HERB. : Sheldon 1204, Redstone, near New Ulm. 



LXXIV. THYMELAEACEAE. Mezereum 

 Family. 



Lindl. Veg. King 530 (1846); Baillon, Hist. PI VI, 100 (1877); Endlicher, 

 Gen. PL 329, 332 (1836-40) Daphnoideae and Aquilarineae; Bentham and 

 Hooker, Gen. Plant. Ill, 186 (1880). 



Genera: 37 ; temperate regions, especially abundant 

 in Australia, S. Africa and Mediterranean region. 



Species: 375 , living; 30-40 fossil in Tertiary rocks. 



DIRCA LINN. Diss. Chenon. (1751), Gen. V, 437 (1754). 



Dofia ADANS. Fam. II, 285 (1763). 



Baillon, Hist. PI. VI, 130; Benth. and Hook. Gen. PI III, 191; Durand, 

 Ind. Gen.P/wm.354. 



Living species: 1-2; E U. S. and California. 



Dirca palustris LINN. Amoen. Ill, 12 (1756). 



Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 448; Britt., Fl. N. J. 213; Mac., 

 Fl. Can. I, 420; Chap., Fl. S. St. 395; Upham, Fl. Minn. 121; Cov., Fl. 

 Ark. 217. 



North America: N. Br., Q., Ont. to Owen Sound; S. to 

 Fla.; W. to Minn., Mo., Neb.? and Ark. 



Minn, valley: Forest district and N. edge; banks of 

 streams and low thickets. 



