LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PRODUCING PLANTS. 459 



15; Rocky mts., 5; S. Sts., 10; California, 5; E. Sts., 6; PL 

 Wheel., 6; Canada, 3; PI. King, 2; W. Tex. 11. 



Fossil species: Solanites, Oligocene Aix (Saporta). 



Solatium nigrum LINN. Spec. 266 (1753). 



S. pterocaidon i 



S. crenato - dentatum j. DC. Prodr. XIII, 359 (1852). 

 S. ptycanthum \ 



Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 374; Britt., Fl. N. J. 181; Uphani, 

 Fl. Minn. Ill; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 348; Chap., Fl. IS. St. 348; Webb., Fl. Neb. 

 136; Coult, Fl. Colo. 268; Brew, and Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 538; Forbes and 

 Hems., Fl. Sin. II, 171; Hook., Fl. Gt. Brit. 287; Led., Fl. Ross. Ill, 188; 

 Nym.,Fl. Eur.; Herd., Fl. Eur. Russ. 94; Wats., King Exp. 274; Roth., 

 Wheel. Exp. 207; Cov., Fl. Ark. 207; Gray, Syn. Fl. II, 1, 227; Hart., Fl. 

 Scand. I, 103; Engl. v. Wetts., Nat. Pflanz. IV, 3 6, 22; Coult., Fl.Tex.297. 



Cosmopolitan, temperate and tropical regions. 



North America: Throughout, except far north. 



Minn, valley: Throughout; common; low damp and 

 rich soil; shaded places. 



HERB.: Taylor 903, Glenwood; Bollard 494, Prior's 

 lake, Scott Co. ; Bollard 778, Swan lake, Carver Co. ; Sheldon 

 1013, Sleepy Eye; Holzinger 180, Winona Co.; Sandberg 459, 

 Cannon Falls; Holzinger 181, Winona; Kassubel97, Minneapo- 

 lis; Herrick 246, Minneapolis; Herb. Sheld. 1744, Minneapolis; 

 Herb. Sheld. 1673, Ft. Snelling; Herb. Wickersheim 105, Ash lake, 

 Lincoln Co. 



XCVl. SCROPHULARIACEAE. Figwort 

 Family. 



Endlicher, Gen. PL 670; DC., Prodr. X, 187 (1846) Personafae, Antir- 

 rhineae, Rhinanthaceae; Bentham and Hooker, Gen. Plant. II, 913 (1876); 

 Baillon, Hist. PI. IX, 413 (1888,; v. Wettstein in Engler and Prantl, Nat. 

 Pflanz. IV, 3 6, 39 (1891). 



Genera: 150 , temperate and tropical regions. N. 

 America, 38 gen., 380 spec.; Europe, 30 gen., 430 spec. (v. 

 Wettst.). 



Species: 2100 ; 3-4 fossil, doubtful. 



SCROPHLLARIA LINN. Gen. 494 (1737). 



Ceremanthe REICH. Sax. Fl. 230 (1842). 



Benth. and Hook., Gen. PI. II, 937; Durand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 293; Bail- 

 lon, Hist. PL IX, 430; Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. IV, 3 &, 65; 

 Schenck, Palaeophyt. 778. 



Living species: 114; extra-tropical regions of N. hem- 

 isphere; especially abundant in the Mediterranean region. 



