LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PRODUCING PLANTS. 499 



224; Cov., Fl. Ark. 199; Engl. Schonland, Nat. Pflaaz. IV, 5, 67; Gray, Syn. 

 Fl. II, 1, 3; Coult., Fl. Tex. 251. 



North America: N. S., N. Br. to Owen Sound, Wise, 

 and Minn.; S. to Colo., Ark., Miss., Fla, and Tex.; E. to Ills, 

 and N. J. ; N. to Saskatchewan. 



Minn, valley: N. E. district; near Ft. Snelling; rare 

 and local; deep woods or edges of bogs. 



HERB.: Holzinger 135, Winona Co.; Sandberg 361, 

 Goodhue Co. 



CVI. COMPOSITAE. Composite Family. 



Endlicher, Gen. PI 355 (1836-40); Rich.-ex Endl. (1801) Synanth- 

 ereae; Lindl., Veg. King. 702(1846) Asteraceae ; Schultz-Bipontius, Flora 

 129(1852) Cassiniaceae ; Bentham and Hooker, Gen. Plant. II, 163(1873); 

 Baillon, Hist. PL VIII, 1 (1886); Hoffmann in Engler and Prantl, Nat. 

 Pflanz. IV, 5, 87 (1889). 



Genera: 500 ; 400 (Baillon); 766 (B. and H.); cos- 

 mopolitan. 6, fossil from Miocene (Schimper), doubtful. 



Species: 10,000-12,000; arborescent forms tropical; 

 30 , fossil, doubtful. 



VERNONIA SCHREB. Gen. PL II, 541 (1774). 



Baccharoides MOENCH, Meth. 578(1794). 



Teichostemma R. BR. Salt. Abyss. App. 65 (1828). 



Cantlidia TEN. Att. Ac. Nap. IV, 104 (1822). 



Hololepis DO. Act. Mus. Par. XVI, 189 (1818). 



L<>i bold ia SCHLECHT. ex Walp. Ann. I, 388 (1848 '. 



Ascaricida, Gymnanthemum, Isonema, Distephanus 

 CASS. Bull. Philom. (1817). 



Lepidoploa, Achyrocoma, Centrapalus, Oligautlies CASS. 

 Diet. Ill, VII, XXVI (1826). 



Acilepis DON, Nep. 169 (1803). 



Sufrago GAERTN. Fruct. II, 402 (1791) part. 



Stengelia, Linzia, Cheliusia Scn.-Bip. Flora (1841). 



Lysistemma, Ambass^, Xioholepis, Crystallopollen, Pun- 

 duana STEETZ. Pet. Moss. Bot. 345 (1864). 



Brachyleima R. BR. Salt. Abyss. Appx. 65(1828). 



Cyanopis, Webbia, Monosis (part), Chronopappus, Cen- 

 fauropsis, Stilpnopappus, Strophopappus DC. Prodr. V, 62 seq. 

 (1836). 



Odontoloma, Oialesta, Pollalesta HBK. N. Gen. et Spec. 

 IV, 43, 45, 46(1820). 



Polydora FENZL. Flora 312 (1844). 



Vernoneila SOND. Linn. XXIII, 62 (1849). 



Strobocalyx, Critoniopsis, Tephrothanmus, Stenocephal- 

 um, Piptolepis, Vanillosma, lodopappus, Proteopsis (MART.) 

 SCH.-BIP. Pollichia (1861 and 1863). 



Cyanthilliuni BL. Bij. 889 (1826). 





