500 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 



Claotrachelus ZOLL. Geneesk. Arch. (1847). 



Llerasia TRIANA, Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 4, IX, 37 (1858). 



Turpinia LLAV. and LEX. Nov. Veg. I, 24 (1824). 



Adenocyclus LESS. Linn. IV, 337 (1830). 



Xiphochaeta FOEPP. et ENDL. N. Gen. Ill, 44 (1845). 



Laclinorliix.il A. RICH. . Cub. Fl. II, 34 (1853). 



Carpophyllus SCHOTT. Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 409 (1828). 

 Baillon, Hist. PI VIII, 118; Benth. and Hook., Gen. PL II, 227; Du- 

 rand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 189; Schenck, Palaeophyt. 794 (Compositae); Engler 

 and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. IV, 5, 124 (Hoffmann). 



Living species: 500 ; America, 250; Africa, 100; Mad- 

 agascar, 50; Asia, 50; cosmopolitan, except Europe. Centers 

 in Brazil. 10-12, U. S. Canada, 2; Rocky mts., 2; E. Sts., 6; 

 W. Tex., 6; more numerous in Mexico and on the border. 



Fossil species: A few seeds from the Miocene may be 

 referred here with some hesitation. 



Vernonia fasciculata MICHX. PL N. Am. II, 94 (1803). 

 V. corymbosa SCHWEIN. Keat. Narr. Miss. (1825). 

 V. altissima DC. Prodr. V, 15(1836). 



Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 238; Webb., Fl. Neb. 150; Upham, 

 FL Minn. 68; Coult., Fl. Colo. 141; Cov., Fl. Ark. 189; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 

 90; Coult., Fl. Tex. 175. 



North America: Minn., Dak., Colo, to Ohio, Ky., Neb., 

 Ark. and Tex. 



Minn, valley: Throughout; common; meadows, prair- 

 ies and river banks, wet places. 



HERD.: Sheldon 1351, Verdi, Lincoln Co.; Sheldon 1455, 

 Pipestone Co. ; Taylor 680, Minnesota lake; Sheldon 1015, Sleepy 

 Eye; Sandberg 266, Goodhue Co.; Oesilund 83, Minneapolis;. 

 Herrick 136, Minneapolis; Herrick 137, Hennepin Co.; Herb. 

 Moyer 106, Montevideo. 



Yernonia noyeboracensis (LINN.) WILLD. Spec. Ill, 1632 

 (1803). 



Serratula noveboracensis LINN. Spec. 818 (1753). 

 S. praealta LINN. Spec. 818 (1753). 

 Chrysocoma tomenlosa WALT. Fl. Car. 196 (1788). 

 Vernonia tomentosa ELL. Sk. II, 288 (1824). . 

 V. praealta HOOK. Fl. Bor.-Am. I, 304 (1833). 



Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 238; Britt.. Fl. N. J. 128; Mac.. 

 Fl. Can. I, 206; Chap., Fl. S. St. 188; Upham, Fl. Minn. 68; COY., Fl. Ark. 

 189; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 89; Webb., Appx. Neb. 44. 



North America: Ont. to Maine and N. J. ; S. to Fla. 

 and Miss. ; W. to Minn. , Neb. , E. Kan. , Ark. and Tex. 



Minn, valley: Reported from forest district r Ft. 

 Snelling to Blue Earth Co.; rare; low grounds and near 

 sloughs. 



