FOREST SOCIETIES. 



537 



1018. Forests of the Austroriparian, or Louisianian, area. 



There are two distinct types of forest: ist. The upland forest, 

 occupying the dry, higher ground, is characterized by the long- 

 leaf and loblolly pines, the live-oak, magnolia, and palmetto. 

 2d. The palustrine forest occupies the swamps of the coastal plain 

 of the South Atlantic and Gulf States, and the lowlands of the 

 rivers, extending from Hampton Roads and Chesapeake Bay 



Fig. 4Q 8a. 

 Cypress knees, Mississippi. (Photograph by H. von Schrenk.) 



in southeastern Virginia, reaching inland for some distance 

 along the principal rivers of the region, and then extending up the 

 Mississippi River and its main tributaries to Missouri and southern 

 Illinois and Indiana. In this area the seaward slope from early 



