696 CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Phytogeny 763 



The geological record 764 



Comparative morphology 766 



Phylogenetic considerations '. 766 



Life histories of crane-flies, with keys and descriptions of the species 767 



Family Tanyderidae 769 



Family Ptychopteridae 772 



Subfamily Pfcychopterinae 773 



Subfamily Bittacomorphinae 779 



Family Rhyphidae 787 



Subfamily Trichocerinae 789 



Family Tipulidae 791 



Subfamily Limnobiinae 793 



Tribe Limnobiini 795 



Subtribe Antocharia 799 



Subtribe Ellipteraria 806 



Subtribe Limnobaria 808 



Subtribe Dicranoptycharia 828 



Subtribe Rhamphidaria 830 



Tribe Hexatomini 835 



Subtribe Ularia 838 



Subtribe Epiphragmaria 843 



Subtribe Pseudolimnophilaria 848 



Subtribe Dactylolabaria 852 



Subtribe Limnophilaria 856 



Subtribe Hexatomaria 876 



Subtribe Polymeraria 893 



Tribe Pediciini 894 



Subtribe Adelphomyaria 895 



Subtribe Pedicaria 899 



Tribe Eriopterini 908 



Subtribe Eriopteraria 911 



Subtribe Elephantomyaria 952 



Tribe Styringomyiini 957 



Subfamily Cylindrotominae 959 



Subfamily Tipulinae 974 



Tribe Tipulini 981 



Subtribe Dolichopezaria 981 



Subtribe Ctenophoraria 986 



Subtribe Tipularia 990 



Bibliography and references cited .- 1019 



. 1129 



