THE CRANE-FLIES OF NEW YORK PART II 817 



from tubular flowers. The various species of the genus have been recorded 

 as feeding on a wide range of plant species, which have been indicated by 

 Knab (1910) and by Alexander (1916 b: 486^493) and may be summarized 

 as follows: 



Species Plants frequented 



Geranomyia canadensis Compositae Eupatorium, Solidago, Aster, 



Silphium, Rudbeckia, Verbesina, Cacalia, 

 and similar species 

 Geranomyia diversa Compositae Solidago, Erigeron 



Umbelliferae Daucus 



Geranomyia virescens Lauraceae Persea 



Geranomyia rostrata Compositae Eupatorium, Solidago, Heli- 



anthus 



For many years nothing was known concerning the immature stages 

 of any species of Geranomyia. In 1917, J. R. Malloch found larvae and 

 pupae of G. canadensis at Urbana, Illinois. Mr. Malloch and the writer 

 have in press a detailed paper on the immature stages of this species, and 

 the following brief account is abstracted from this paper and included 

 herewith in order to complete the data. 



Mr. Malloch found the larvae on the grounds of the Floriculture Depart- 

 ment of the University of Illinois. There is a small bubbling fountain 

 here, the waste water from which flows along an open gutter. In this 

 gutter the immature stages of G. canadensis lived among the- vegetable 

 growth and diatomaceous ooze in the bottom of the trough. Mr. Malloch 

 and the writer found this same species in Union County, southern 

 Illinois, in 1919. Here larvae and pupae occurred on the face of rocks 

 where the surface was continually damp with percolating water. A 

 railroad bank had been formed by piling up slabs of limestone to a height 

 of about four feet. In the irregularities and crevices of these pieces 

 of limestone, the larvae of Geranomyia were living in delicate silken 

 tubes covered with a deposit of silt and diatoms. They emerged from 

 their cases to feed on the exposed surface of the wet rocks during twilight, 

 and even during the hours of sunlight, but upon being disturbed or alarmed 

 they retreated with great agility into their tubes. The pupae are found 

 in short, nearly vertical burrows in the same situations as the larvae; 

 here they rest with only the long, conspicuous breathing horns projecting 

 from the entrance to the burrow. When transformation takes place, 

 the pupal skin projects from the mouth of the burrow nearly to the ends 



