THE CRANE-FLIES OF NEW YORK PART II 861 



(Subgenus Dicranophragma Osten Sacken) 



1859 Dicranophragma 0. S. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 240. 



Larva. Form short and stout. Spiracular disk surrounded by five short lobes, the 

 ventral pair the longest, the dorsal lobe very blunt; disk surrounded by a fringe of delicate 

 hairs which are longest at tips of lobes. Head capsule of the hexatomine type. Mandible 

 powerful, prolonged into a strong hook with a large acute tooth just beyond midlength. 

 Maxilla very long and slender. Mentum chitinized, consisting of a narrow transverse bar 

 which is ribbed with fine parallel grooves. 



Pupa. Cephalic crest prominent, each half with three setae. Pronotal breathing horns 

 short, cylindrical, or slightly narrowed to a blunt tip. Mesonotum convex, unarmed. 

 Wing sheaths short, broad, ending before tip of second abdominal segment. Leg sheaths 

 moderate in length, ending just beyond base of fourth abdominal segment, hind tarsi a little 

 longer than the others. Abdominal segments divided into two rings; posterior ring with 

 a subterminal transverse armature, on dorsum consisting of numerous setiferous tubercles, 

 on pleura consisting of two or three groups of setiferous tubercles; basal ring with about 

 eight slender tubercles on dorsal surface. Spiracles present, but evidently nonfunctional. 

 Dorsum of segment 8 with four slender tubercles. 



Dicranophragma is a well-defined group of the genus Limnophila, with 

 about six known species whose center of distribution seems to be in the 

 Oriental region. The type of the subgenus, Limnophila (Dicranophragma) 

 fuscovaria, discussed in detail below, is the only described New World 

 form. The immature stages are spent in rich organic mud in cool, 

 shaded woods. 



Limnophila (Dicranophragma) fuscovaria 0. S. 



1859 Limnophila (Dicranophragma) fuscovaria 0. S. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 p. 240. 



The adult flies of Limnophila fuscovaria may be easily distinguished by 

 their broad, heavily spotted wings and the strong supernumerary cross vein 

 in cell R%. They may be swept from rank vegetation in cool, shaded 

 woods. The larva has the body stouter and less elongate than is usual 

 in this group of species, but it possesses the same snakelike movements 

 as its near relatives. The pupal duration is not longer than eight days 

 (June 8 to 16, in 1917). 



Larva. Length, 6.8-7.2 mm. 

 Djameter, 0.7-0.8 mm 



Coloration light golden-yellow; maxillary lobes yellow; spiracular disk lined with dark brown. 

 Body rather short and stout, not of the exceedingly elongate type of the Eriopterini, gradu- 

 ally narrowed to anterior end (Plate XLII, 190) ; prothoracic segment truncated anteriorly; 



