872 CHARLES PAUL ALEXANDER 



Genus Pilaria Sintenis (Lat., derived from the long antennal verticils) 



1888 Pilaria Sintenis. Sitzber. Nat.-Ges. Dorpat., vol. 8, p. 398. 



1919 Eulimnophila Alex. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta., Mem. 25, p. 917. 



Larva.- Form moderately slender. Spiracular disk surrounded by four unequal lobes, 

 lateral pair in some cases very reduced, elongate ventral lobes fringed with long hairs. Head 

 capsule of Ulomorpha type. Mandible hinged, blade with one or two acute teeth at base. 

 Maxilla densely hairy. Mentum not chitinized. 



Pupa. Pronotal breathing horns elongate-cylindrical, tips split into flattened lobes. 

 Abdominal segments with three or four pairs of naked tubercles. 



The genus Pilaria includes a group of species of the old genus Limnophila, 

 comprising Limnophila tenuipes and L. pilicornis and their allies. Its 

 relationships are plainly with Ulomorpha rather than with Limnophila. 

 The genotype is Limnophila pilicornis (Zett.), of northern Europe. Other 

 included species are L. tenuipes, L. recondita, L. imbecilla O. S. , L. edwardi 

 Alex., L. quadrata, L. stanwoodae Alex., and L. osborni Alex., of North 

 America, and L. discicollis (Meig.), L. fuscipennis (Meig.), L. subtincta 

 (Zett.), and probably other species, of Europe. 



The immature stages are spent in mud or moist earth. In Europe, 

 Pilaria discicollis (Plate XL VIII, 232) has been found by Gerbig (1913: 

 163-164) and by Cameron (1917:63). P. fuscipennis is described by 

 Beling (1886 : 197-198) as living in mud near a ditch. Gerbig (1913 : 164- 

 166) found the larvae (Plate XL VIII, 231) in a similar situation. Brauer 

 (1883:54) describes them as living between decaying leaves in swamps. 

 Cameron (1917:63) states that the larvae are found in decaying wood, 

 this record possibly being an error. According to Beling, the pupal dura- 

 tion is not more than ten days. In America, P. tenuipes has been dis- 

 cussed by Hart (1898 [1895]: 204-205) and by Malloch (1915-17b:223- 

 224), as stated under the discussion of the species. 



The species of the genus Pilaria may be separated by the following 

 keys: 



Larvae 



Ventral lobes of spiracular disk elongate, heavily marked with brownish black; coloration 



pale yellow P. tenuipes (Say) (p. 873) 



Ventral lobes of spiracular disk short, pale; coloration deep yellow. 



P. recondita (O. S.) (p. 874) 

 Pupae 



1. Pronotal breathing horns short, black; lobules of cephalic crest blunt and rounded. 



P. quadrata (O. S.) (p. 875) 



Pronotal breathing horns elongate, pale, brownish yellow or yellow; lobules of cephalic 

 crest elongate, finger-like 2 



