THE CRANE-FLIES OF NEW YORK PART II 953 



hina. No records are available, however, to indicate what species of 

 plants are thus frequented. The larvae live in decaying wood. The 

 only species whose immature stages are known is the genotype, Elephanto- 

 myia westwoodi. The literature on the immature stages of this group 

 of flies is very limited, the only record being the unknown Limnobiine 

 No. 1 of Malloch (19 15-17 b: 235-236), who gives a good description of 

 the larva. The pupa is here described and figured for the first time. 



Elephantomyia westwoodi O. S. 



1869 Elephantomyia westwoodi O. S. Mon. Dipt. N. Amer., part 4, p. 109. 



Elephantomyia westwoodi is a rather common fly in eastern North 

 America. The adults are usually found in cool, shaded woods and may 

 be swept from vegetation in these localities. The larva lives in decaying 

 wood, as is shown by the three records available to the writer. 



The larvae were found by Shannon in a very wet, rotten, willow log 

 lying near the tidal flat above the brewery at Rosslyn, Virginia, on May 

 21, 1913. About eight larvae were found, well scattered thru the log. 

 They were very active in their movements and were very beautiful, in 

 life being of a deep golden yellow color. These larvae were placed in 

 rearing, and adults issued on May 27 and 29 and June 5 and 7, indicating 

 a pupal duration of a week or slightly less. Larvae were found in this 

 log also on November 23, 1912, and at that time they were almost grown, 

 being about one-half inch in length. This shows that the species spends 

 the winter as almost fully grown larvae. 



Johnson found these larvae near Edge Hill, Pennsylvania, on June 

 25, 1899, and on May 25, 1905, in a log, just beneath the bark. Larvae 

 and pupae obtained by him were in the material studied in the preparation 

 of this paper. 



Malloch found a single larva of this species in a much decayed log at 

 White Heath, Illinois, on April 30, 1916 (Malloch, 1915-17 b: 236). 



Larva. Length, 10-13.4 mm. 

 Diameter, 1.2-1.3 mm. 



Coloration of body, a deep saturated golden yellow thruout. 



Body moderately elongated, terete, relatively slender, tapering gradually toward either end 

 but more noticeably and abruptly toward anterior end (Plate LXXX, 432) ; the three thoracic 

 segments gradually increasing in size from the prothoracic backward. Abdominal segments 

 1 and 2 short, the third to the fifth the longest, remaining segments gradually shorter. Sur- 



