THE CRANE-FLIES OF NEW YORK PART II 991 



disk and lobes unmarked. Spiracles small. Anal gills branched. Mandible small, with 

 but a single dorsal and ventral tooth in addition to apical point. Mentum with nine teeth. 

 Hypopharynx five-toothed. 



Pupa.- Antenna short, ending opposite tips of maxillary palpi. Sheaths of maxillary 

 palpi not recurved at tips. Mesonotum unarmed. Pronotal breathing horns very long and 

 slender, one, at least, about half length of body. Wings showing clearly the characteristic 

 venation of Longurio. Abdomen elongate, posterior ring of individual segments with short, 

 stout spines, including a few on pleurites; dorsum of eighth segment with four powerful lobes. 



Longurio is a small genus including about ten described species, of 

 which two occur in eastern North America. The genotype, Longurio 

 testaceus, is the best-known species locally. The immature stages of this 

 species are here discussed for the first time. They are spent in sand 

 or sandy earth. The branched anal gills of the larva, and the excessively 

 elongate breathing horns of the pupa, are notable features. 



Longurio testaceus Loew 



1869 Longurio testaceus Loew. Berl. Ent. Ztschr., vol. 13, p. 2. 



Longurio testaceus is probably the largest crane-fly in North America, 

 the females exceeding the better-known Holorusia of the Western States. 

 The adult flies are difficult to capture, being very wary. When the insect 

 is at rest the body generally hangs perpendicularly, with the wings folded 

 incumbent over the abdomen. 



On November 9, 1916, Mr. Hyslop sent the writer two living larvae 

 which are referred with little doubt to this species. They were, found 

 in wet sand in a bog on the top of South Mountains, near Myersville, 

 Maryland. The larvae were very restless, the head capsule being con- 

 stantly exserted and withdrawn. Waves of contraction start from the 

 posterior end of the body and pass toward the head. A large pupa taken 

 by Dr. J. C. Bradley at Tallulah Falls, Georgia, on June 17, 1910, 

 undoubtedly belongs to this species, the venation being clearly apparent 

 on the wing pad. An additional cast pupal skin is in the collection 

 of the United States National Museum. 



Larva (supposition). Length, 31 mm. contracted, 58 mm. extended. 

 Diameter, 11-12.5 mm. 



Color whitish, subhyaline; thoracic segments more yellowish; in life the brown food contents 

 showing clearly thru abdomen. 



Form very depressed, lateral folds prominent; body very stout and fleshy. Skin very tl 

 and semitransparent, showing internal organs within, practically destitute of pubescence; 



