72 METHODS OF ANALYSIS. 



10. Paraffin in Confectionery. Provisional. 



Add to the ether extract in the flask, as above obtained, 10 cc of 95 per cent 

 alcohol and 2 cc of 1 : 1 sodium hydroxid solution, connect the flask with a 

 reflux condenser, and heat for an hour on the water bath, or until saponification 

 is complete. Remove the condenser and allow the flask to remain on the bath 

 until the alcohol is evaporated and a dry residue is left. Treat the residue with 

 about 40 cc of water and heat on the bath, with frequent shaking, until all 

 soluble matter is dissolved. Wash into a separatory funnel, cool, and extract 

 with four successive portions of petroleum ether, which are collected in a tared 

 flask or capsule. Remove the petroleum ether by evaporation and dry in the 

 oven to constant weight. 



It should be noted that any phytosterol or cholesterol present in the fat 

 would be extracted with the paraffin, but the amount would be so insignificant 

 that except in the most exacting work it may be disregarded. The character 

 of the final residue should, however, be confirmed by determining its melting 

 point and specific gravity and by subjecting it to examination in the butyro- 

 refractometer. 



11. Alcohol in Sirups used in Confectionery (" Brandy Drops ")- a Pro- 



visional. 



Open each drop by cutting off a section with a sharp knife and collect in a 

 beaker the sirup of from 15 to 25 of the drops, which will usually yield from 

 30 to 50 grams of sirup. Strain the sirup into a tared beaker through a per- 

 forated porcelain plate in a funnel to separate from particles of the inclosing 

 shell, and ascertain the weight of the sirup. Dilute with half its volume of 

 water and determine alcohol as directed under *' XIII. Wine," page 83. 



12. Lead Subacetate Precipitate in Maple Products (Hortvet's Method &). 



Provisional. 



This method consists in reducing the precipitate to a compact mass at the 

 bottom of a graduated tube by the use of a centrifugal machine, noting the 

 reading on the tube, applying necessary corrections, and expressing the volume 

 of the precipitate in cubic centimeters and tenths. 



(a) APPARATUS. 



The apparatus consists of a glass tube and holder, as shown in the illustra- 

 tion, the dimensions being as follows : 



Glass tube: Cm. 



Total length 15. 2 



Diameter (wide part) 3.0 



Diameter (neck) 2.0 



Stem, graduated to 5 cc and tenths, 5 cc division line 5 mm below 

 beginning of wide part. 

 Ground area on the wide part for use in numbering. 



Thirty-second Ann. Kept. Mass. Board of Health, 1900, p. 657; reprint, p. 41. 

 6 U. 8. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Chemistry, Circular 23 ; J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1904, 26-; 

 1523. 



