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the Great, who came from the West and crossed the Indus. 

 There was a man on the other side of the Indus named Parus, 

 a local king, a local ruler, who opposed Alexander with an 

 army of elephants. They were like big tanks, and the Greeks 

 were scared to death of these elephants. What Alexander did 

 was to cross the Indus several miles to the north of where 

 Parus and his army were lined up, come around in back and 

 poke the elephants from the rear and drive them into the 

 river. So he defeated Parus. 



Parus was brought to him as a captive. Alexander 

 said, "How do you wish to be treated?" and Parus said, 

 "Treat me as a king." Alexander was so struck by what a 

 proud and good man he was that they became allies, and they 

 were allies together for the rest of the time Alexander 

 stayed in India. 



He probably got as far east as the Ravi River and 

 camped there. He was planning to go across India because 

 had heard there was an ocean on the other side of India, but 

 his troops mutinied. They said, "We're tired. We want to 

 go home." [laughing] Alexander apparently spent three days 

 sulking in his tent and finally said, "Okay, if you want to 

 go home I guess we better go home." 



So then they sailed south down the Ravi to a place 

 called Multan, which is an ancient city. It's still there, 

 thousands of years old. Alexander stormed the city and 

 captured it, but in the process he was badly wounded. He 

 never really recovered from that wound. 



They continued down the Ravi to this area here which 

 has a special name where the rivers come together, and then 

 finally into the Indus, and from the Indus into the Arabian 

 Sea. They had rafts that they sailed down the river with, 

 and they built boats. 



He divided his army into two. Half of them went by 

 sea along this "Mukran" coast and half of them went 

 overland. They suffered terribly because it was a terrible 

 desert country. Both the sailors and the land party had a 

 very hard time. When they finally rejoined each other in 

 the Persian Gulf — if you keep on here long enough you get 

 to the Persian Gulf — Alexander didn't even recognize his 

 admiral, the admiral was so weather-beaten and so worn down. 

 Alexander only lived about six months after that. He died 

 there in the Persian Gulf. 



Sharp: From the wounds? 



Revelle: Well, that's what I think, but different people say 



different things. Lots of people of course took a very dim 

 view of him and they say he drank himself to death, but I 

 think he died of wounds from the Battle of Mukran. 



Revelle: 



Move the Water, Increase the Nitrogen, Raise the Yield 



Anyhow, coming back to the situation when we started 



on this project. The water had risen in all of these doabs 



