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Nations Economic and Social Council, at a meeting where 

 there were several Swedish delegates. The Swedes became 

 quite enthusiastic about it, and particularly a man named 

 [Sven] Brohult, who was head of the Swedish Royal Academy of 

 Engineering. He took it very seriously, and he organized a 

 meeting with Murray Todds' and my help, and Bob Marshak's 

 help, to try to get the thing started internationally but at 

 this Swedish meeting. One of the people who was there was 

 Pierre Auger from UNESCO and people from many different 

 countries. 



It turned out that there were three different 

 inventors of the IFS. We at the Pugwash meeting were one of 

 them. Another one was Bob Marshak, a physicist who later 

 became president of CCNY. The third was a Frenchman named 

 Levi. We all had more or less the same idea. That's the 

 way good ideas are: there's a time when they just arrive 

 spontaneously different places. 



At this meeting in Sweden, in Stockholm, the idea was 

 thoroughly endorsed. Pierre Auger was made a member of the 

 organizing committee and so were Brohult and Marshak and 

 I, but Pierre Auger wanted to have it part of UNESCO. He was 

 a UNESCO man. He had been chief scientist at UNESCO, 

 assistant general director for science. We took a very dim 

 view of that. We wanted to have it non-governmental. 



Sharp: And pretty independent. 

 Revelle: And independent, yes. 



So eventually Auger was sort of driven out of this 

 cabal, and Brohult pushed it very hard. He was quite 

 familiar with the European scene and particularly with 

 France. We met in Stockholm several times. 



One of the people we talked to was David Hopper, who 

 at that time was head of the IDRC, the International 

 Development and Research Corporation of the Canadian 

 government. He later became vice president of the World 

 Bank. He was very much taken by the idea and said that 

 "Canada will support it." 



So actually the first money came from Canada and 

 Sweden. About half of it came from Sweden and 15 percent 

 came from Canada. Brohult had some of his young men working 

 on this at the international meetings and things like that. 



Eventually we talked eight or nine different academies 

 into supporting it. The French government, the French CNRS, 

 Council for Research Nationale (or whatever the CNRS stands 

 for) , the Dutch government, the Belgian government, the 

 Swedish government, the Canadian government. Altogether 

 about $1 million was raised, pledged for a year. 



So we incorporated the thing in Sweden, and got a very 

 fine man as director of it, a man named Nicolai Herlofson, 

 who was an engineer on the faculty of the University of 

 Uppsala, but had been secretary general of ICSU. I remember 

 in Vienna he would always announce himself, "Herlofson" 



