86 



Sharp: 

 Reveller 

 Sharp: 

 Revelle: 



Later in the 

 the Law of the Sea 

 Exclusive Economic 

 from the baseline 

 essentially 180 mi 

 they decided that 

 that sixty miles, 

 sediments was more 

 distance from the 

 the sediments were 

 continental shelf 



third UNCLOS, the third UN Conference on 

 they dreamed up something called the 



Zone, which is 200 miles wide, extending 

 of the territorial sea. So it's 

 les beyond the territorial sea. Then, 

 the continental shelf could extend beyond 

 or to a place where the thickness of 



than a certain ratio of the depth or the 

 end of the Exclusive Economic Zone. If 



thinner than that, it was not part of the 

 or the national jurisdiction. 



terms as a great 

 osure movement in 



percent of the 

 jurisdiction, 

 tate has the 

 It doesn't have 



to navigate 

 other things, but 

 ng resources, the 



This can be thought of in historical 

 enclosure movement, very much like the end 

 the English countryside, enclosing about 40 

 entire ocean and putting it under national 

 Not national sovereignty, but the coastal s 

 exclusive right to exploit the resources, 

 the exclusive right to lay cables there, or 

 there, or to fly over it, or to do various 

 exploiting both the living and the non-livi 

 exclusive prerogative of the coastal state. 



So drilling or something like that. 



That's right. Yes. 



Would not be within the prerogative of any other state. 



Any other state. And you can't put structures there for 

 submarine cables or for other purposes, provided it doesn't 

 interfere with the coastal states exploitation. I'm jiomping 

 ahead in the sense that this is the outcome of the Law of 

 the Sea Conference. 



In 1958, at the first UN conference, one of the 

 provisions which was actually passed by a rather narrow 

 majority, was that any marine scientific research could only 

 be done with the consent of the coastal state. This was, 

 from the standpoint of oceanographers, a disastrous 

 provision because the coastal states would not always give 

 their consent, oftentimes would not give their consent. 

 They just threw the letters away. You would apply for 

 consent and they would not reply at all. 



So oceanographers particularly in the United States, 

 and almost exclusively in the United States, I am sorry to 

 say, tried to invent another system for doing marine 

 scientific research, and this was a system we called a 

 "Review of Rights and Obligations". 



The rights were to be able to do research anywhere in 

 the ocean, outside the territorial sea, without having to 

 have a consent and without conforming to the regulations of 

 the coastal state, but with certain obligations. 



One obligation was to share all the samples and all 

 the data with the coastal state. Another was to take 

 somebody on board, a scientist, from the coastal state. A 

 third was to give notice and present a plan to the coastal 



